Abkhazia- represents the type of autonomous entity that the Russian Federation politically and financially supports. They do this in order to stop the independent states resulted in 1991 from structuring solid and democratic societies.
Abkhazia is an
autonomous republic situated in the north-west side of Georgia, on the
foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, having the Black Sea to its west. Its two
neighbors except for Georgia are Russia to its east and he Karachay-Cherkess
Republic to its north.
Abkhazia is the type of
post-soviet region with an uncertain statute, recognized worldwide only by
Russia and Nicaragua. An autonomous republic included in the Georgian Soviet
Socialist Republic ever since 1921, Abkhazia was the scene of a civil war
between 1991 and 1994. During this conflict, armed Georgian forces are defeated
by the Abkhazian rebels and the Russian troops from the remaining military
bases. These bases are still on Georgia’s territory.
Although Georgians were
the majority in Abkhazia during the soviet period, after the war 200 000 of
them are forced to leave which modifies the ethnical structure of the republic
in favor of the Abkhazians.
After 1994, the
situation of the conflict remained politically unregulated which made for an
inexistent governmental authority in this part of Georgia, this republic
functioning on the ‘deep state’ principle. This happened after Abkhazia’s
independence claim in 1999, the small state receiving financial support by
Russia in all domains. (for ‘deep state’ see Transnistria, Moldavian Republic)
In 2008, the Georgian
president Mikhail Saakasvili orders the Georgian military to retake
governmental control over Abkhazia and South Ossetia, however the brutal
intervention of the Russian troops in the two republics forces the Georgian’s
soldiers to retreat from these territories only 6 days after the start of the
offensive.
The two separatist
states are recognized by the Russian Federation, being a part of it as
autonomous republics. In fact, Abkhazia and South Ossetia represent enclaves on
Georgia’s territory, being a part of a general strategical plan of maintaining
some conflicts frozen. They guard Russia as a geopolitical shield, assuring
much desired stability