Abkhazia- autonomous republic in the north-west side of Georgia

 

Abkhazia- represents the type of autonomous entity that the Russian Federation politically and financially supports. They do this in order to stop the independent states resulted in 1991 from structuring solid and democratic societies.

Abkhazia is an autonomous republic situated in the north-west side of Georgia, on the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, having the Black Sea to its west. Its two neighbors except for Georgia are Russia to its east and he Karachay-Cherkess Republic to its north.

Abkhazia is the type of post-soviet region with an uncertain statute, recognized worldwide only by Russia and Nicaragua. An autonomous republic included in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic ever since 1921, Abkhazia was the scene of a civil war between 1991 and 1994. During this conflict, armed Georgian forces are defeated by the Abkhazian rebels and the Russian troops from the remaining military bases. These bases are still on Georgia’s territory.

Although Georgians were the majority in Abkhazia during the soviet period, after the war 200 000 of them are forced to leave which modifies the ethnical structure of the republic in favor of the Abkhazians.

After 1994, the situation of the conflict remained politically unregulated which made for an inexistent governmental authority in this part of Georgia, this republic functioning on the ‘deep state’ principle. This happened after Abkhazia’s independence claim in 1999, the small state receiving financial support by Russia in all domains. (for ‘deep state’ see Transnistria, Moldavian Republic)

In 2008, the Georgian president Mikhail Saakasvili orders the Georgian military to retake governmental control over Abkhazia and South Ossetia, however the brutal intervention of the Russian troops in the two republics forces the Georgian’s soldiers to retreat from these territories only 6 days after the start of the offensive.

The two separatist states are recognized by the Russian Federation, being a part of it as autonomous republics. In fact, Abkhazia and South Ossetia represent enclaves on Georgia’s territory, being a part of a general strategical plan of maintaining some conflicts frozen. They guard Russia as a geopolitical shield, assuring much desired stability