tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83162794227830661762024-03-14T07:37:34.014+02:00Conflictele lumiiCONFLICTELE LUMII.RĂZBOAIE.FOAME.GENOCIDViohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18199887491874958988noreply@blogger.comBlogger95125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-83887549350711022482023-11-14T18:03:00.002+02:002023-11-14T18:03:12.071+02:00UN official days about conflicts<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj01dCwnI5ueN27Hud6kIXH3wdp4knoeSUJKl7PA7zN1CnEKravQ0GYl25OaFrmBkeSgXjZSFZ9tYzzKrgbJeHHsjGRgXqpahK0oW2r5dpwRsF7V88XlJx2NTEX0s8vw11K9wixUv7bKDbaTd2nKSta53BCwJSdA6WddFsM2d4xo3bK-JaVyuFhKof-Gz1N/s1000/ziua-internationala-a-fortelor-de-mentinere-a-pacii.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="647" data-original-width="1000" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj01dCwnI5ueN27Hud6kIXH3wdp4knoeSUJKl7PA7zN1CnEKravQ0GYl25OaFrmBkeSgXjZSFZ9tYzzKrgbJeHHsjGRgXqpahK0oW2r5dpwRsF7V88XlJx2NTEX0s8vw11K9wixUv7bKDbaTd2nKSta53BCwJSdA6WddFsM2d4xo3bK-JaVyuFhKof-Gz1N/s320/ziua-internationala-a-fortelor-de-mentinere-a-pacii.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"> 27
january<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">International Holocaust
Remembrance Day</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">21
mars<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day for the Elimination of Racial
Discrimination</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">25 mars<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day for the Commemoration of Victims of
Slavery and Transatlantic Trade with Slave</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #212121; font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="11" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="11" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">7 april<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day of Reflection on Genocide in Rwanda</span><span style="color: #212121; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">29 april<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">International Day of Commemoration of All Chemical
War Victims</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">8 may<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">29 may<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The UN Peacekeeping Force International Day</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">4 june<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day of Child Victims of Aggression</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">20
june<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Refugees
Worl Day<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">26 june <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day for Supporting Torture Victims</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">12 july <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Malala
Day<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">18 july <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Nelson
Mandela International Day<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">19 august<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">World Day for Humanitarian Assistance</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">29 august<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>
International Day Against Nuclear Tests</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">17
october<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>International Day for
Eradication of Poverty <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">6
november<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">International Day for
the Prevention of Environmental Exploitation during War and Armed Conflict</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">9 november<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day Against Fascism and Anti-Semitism</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">16
november<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>International Day of Tolerance<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre style="background: white; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">25 november<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">29 november<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">International Day of
Solidarity with the Palestinian People</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">10
december<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Human Rights Day<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png" width="13" /><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">18
december<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>International Day of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Migrants<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-80327916404669581372023-09-04T11:35:00.006+03:002023-09-04T11:35:53.627+03:00Angola- state situated in Southern Africa, with a wide coastline<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoVCR2GFO5C75o5G_lTUD9PE0G4l2ytZ-LvxTWeqv5BCvI1Dnn3-cCe9N3OuKOPZHFqpjYWB7KXpJtyGh3_VNJ0OmFq_Zxz3MMGv-idHSgN8xHlJfBy2-MfRSAAwLmHTumUl3Et4abPYBv7mZuV9GUFPfvnSHCTE5GcazBbVDOdE1KGHtlHxucDal0Bz-c/s1006/jqw4adzs5uma1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1006" height="254" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoVCR2GFO5C75o5G_lTUD9PE0G4l2ytZ-LvxTWeqv5BCvI1Dnn3-cCe9N3OuKOPZHFqpjYWB7KXpJtyGh3_VNJ0OmFq_Zxz3MMGv-idHSgN8xHlJfBy2-MfRSAAwLmHTumUl3Et4abPYBv7mZuV9GUFPfvnSHCTE5GcazBbVDOdE1KGHtlHxucDal0Bz-c/s320/jqw4adzs5uma1.png" width="320" /></a></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Angola-
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">state situated in
Southern Africa, with a wide coastline. To its north, it has a border with the
Democratic Republic of Congo, to its east with Zambia and to its south with
Namibia.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Angolan state was the
scene of a civil war in 1975 when it proclaimed itself the People’s Republic of
Angola. The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), which had
won the war, put Angola on its way to becoming a communist society, being
supported by the ‘peacekeeping troops’ sent by Cuba and the USSR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">At the same time, another
armed group that had a political party, the National Union for the Total
Independence of Angola (UNITA), was backed by the regime ruling South Africa
and the international community.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A third faction going by
the name of the National Front for the Liberation of Angola (NFLA), which was
actually financed by the dictator Salazar’s Portugal, beneficiated from the
help of communist Romania and other ‘friendly’ countries, with them receiving
ammunition and weapons.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After a peace agreement
between the bigger parties, NFLA and UNITA, mediated by Portugal and the UN in
1991, free elections are organized under international surveillance. This
conflict in fact pitted against each other the two doctrines of the modern world,
communism and capitalism, left behind 500 000 deaths and caused major damage to
the Angolan economy.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPNsV_bLuikI1s60PG6caF8uUwGoNR6Z0zgaOYHPcMmjw0xWRhq7lDWgQqIOaZhUBElR-B2mxyIBQzRLSIqCemwQESUR7CH6DP92bOKxaDf4DfDmGURRh3VBngU8rRMn0AjGl3RpIpYPSbNm9BgE4mZA53f9icQ9RpHBdvixB03KOrBTh3RzJsYq4mGE5s/s414/12079961_10153551907021480_8595082226317339392_o+(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="288" data-original-width="414" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPNsV_bLuikI1s60PG6caF8uUwGoNR6Z0zgaOYHPcMmjw0xWRhq7lDWgQqIOaZhUBElR-B2mxyIBQzRLSIqCemwQESUR7CH6DP92bOKxaDf4DfDmGURRh3VBngU8rRMn0AjGl3RpIpYPSbNm9BgE4mZA53f9icQ9RpHBdvixB03KOrBTh3RzJsYq4mGE5s/s320/12079961_10153551907021480_8595082226317339392_o+(1).jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Angola has a border
dispute with the People’s Republic of Congo regarding the region of Cabinda.
This is a territory located near where the Congo River flows into the Atlantic
Ocean and they fight for control over it because both countries want the commercial
and strategical advantages its position offers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Cabinda is the exact
definition of an exclave, being a country’s territory that is situated in
another country or between two countries. Cabinda was named for a while
Portuguese Congo and is a prosper region with a lot of petrol where rebel
groups that wanted their independence from Angola activate. Even when it was
destabilized by the civil war in 1975, Angola did not allow the factions from
Cabinda to separate from it.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-6510704192293307172023-07-15T11:25:00.000+03:002023-07-15T11:25:04.267+03:00Algerien - ist ein Staat im Nordafrika, im Gebiet von Maghreb<p> <br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisTK-Ru5yz8hUtSB8yvu9_fzrpXag2kZtottWd6PsB7BrjjmFQMardfeKwU3QjlUtHOiFEmszFuwpidNRQ7_QDIY8MOPzwgd6jtj9NOCVkW6U9lc-IxfWOTi8hSceL1Eq3WXq8wEzV4Ll2H9u6i4gN8g9F-K83Xl748gRoIKLGODgI9p6QNx2BtGuEnxKM/s1224/Algeria-political-map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1185" data-original-width="1224" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisTK-Ru5yz8hUtSB8yvu9_fzrpXag2kZtottWd6PsB7BrjjmFQMardfeKwU3QjlUtHOiFEmszFuwpidNRQ7_QDIY8MOPzwgd6jtj9NOCVkW6U9lc-IxfWOTi8hSceL1Eq3WXq8wEzV4Ll2H9u6i4gN8g9F-K83Xl748gRoIKLGODgI9p6QNx2BtGuEnxKM/s320/Algeria-political-map.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Algerien</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">
- ist ein Staat im Nordafrika, im Gebiet von
Maghreb, wo auch Marokko und Tunesien liegen, das einen breiten Ausgang
zum Mittelmeer hat. Algerien konfrontierte sich seit mehr als 20 Jahren mit
einem Bürgerkrieg, der die fundamentalistische Islamische Bewegung,das </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">sogenannte Islamische
Rettungsfront, den von dem Nationalbefreiungsfront durch Frankreich
unterstuzten Regierungen entgegensetzt.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Obwohl sie als Gewinner
in freien Wahlen 1991 auftauchten, konnten
die FSI Islamisten nicht die Kraft ubernehmen, weil sowohl die Interessen Frankreichs und der Europäischen
Union für Öl und besonders algerier Gas ,als
auch die politische Sicherheit im Gebiet, sich vor dem Argument der freien Wahlen setzte.Es folgte ein
Buergerkrieg zwischen FIS Anhaenger und Regierungskraefte ,der bis 2000 eine
Zahl von ueber 200000 Opfer hinterlies.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr3BKozFnXNRYESrawqsN-jDPYox967FZqBMvgKD4-5H5jjl88LOEnvPIEnML-IXJT4epD0sAJT-1WbhbJWEz0YK-379nhKRO-0-6W25qGNgQz9gxv6CS40bcDvXxuFMETi5zKxfvFhTvUVG5LRorwRv2H5YUiu-aoHl9RwuruHCG2GU4bOU2P_Wq2RnW7/s625/algeria19923.webp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="413" data-original-width="625" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr3BKozFnXNRYESrawqsN-jDPYox967FZqBMvgKD4-5H5jjl88LOEnvPIEnML-IXJT4epD0sAJT-1WbhbJWEz0YK-379nhKRO-0-6W25qGNgQz9gxv6CS40bcDvXxuFMETi5zKxfvFhTvUVG5LRorwRv2H5YUiu-aoHl9RwuruHCG2GU4bOU2P_Wq2RnW7/s320/algeria19923.webp" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Nach den Wahlen 1999, die von Abdelaziz Bouteflika gewonnen
wurden, werden die Bandenkämpfergruppen ermutigt, ihre Waffen abzugeben. Bis
2002 werden grosse Bemühung abgelegen, um die Zahl der Rebell-Gruppen und der Terroristenangriffe zu sinken.</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Ein
anderer empfindlicher Moment der zarten
algerischen Demokratie war die Reform
des ,, Arabischen Fruehlings ", die 2011 anfangt,und die zu Protesten geführt hat. Diese waren aber durch kluge, von der Regierung getoffene Maßnahmen
geringert. </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Es ist so vermieden
worden, die Destabilisierung des Staates und der Falles der Regierung, so wie
es in Tunesien, Libyen oder Ägypten geschah.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Mit dem Fortschritt von Al-qaeda und ISIS (ISIL) im
Nordafrika, erscheint in Algerien die terroristische Organisation Mourabitoun,Teil
einer größeren Organisation, der
Islamische Magreb, der seine Zugehoerigkeit zum Al-qaeda ankündigt. Diese rebelle Organ isation
löste eine Reihe von terroristischen Angriffen, mit Geiseln, auf einigen
Erdölinstallationen im südlichen Teil von Algerien, aber auch in den Ländern Sahel
(Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger) aus.Das ganze fuhrt zum vorläufigen Aufhören der Erdgaslieferungen und
implizit zu ökonomischen Problemen.<br />
Diese Terroristaktionen mit Einfluß in der
magrebischen Gesellschaft führen zur Destabiliserung des teilweise gewuesteten Gebiets, eigentlich der ganzen Saharawuste, was auch den Streit mit ihren
Nachbarn betont. Einer der Gründe
dafur ist auch die Zugehorigkeit einiger Einheimischen zu der Bewegung Al Mourabitoun, die die gegenwärtigen Grenzen nicht in Betracht
ziehen, und die ihre eigene Tagesordnung der Kampfe haben. Sieh Burkina
Faso, Mali, Niger, den Tschad.<br />
Außerdem gibt es im Südwesten des Landes sharawi Flüchtlinglager aus dem Westlichem Sahara
(praktisch ganze Städte, gut definiert, weil sie in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">mehr als 40 Jahren
gegrundet wurden), die, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">marokkanische Herrschaft daneben nicht
akzeptiert haben.</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Algerien hat in
diesem kalten Konflikt den Status des Gastlandes für Fluechtlinge deswegen, wird
nicht vermutet, dass es den Westen saharieschen Rebelltruppen geholfen hätte. Algerien<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>hat einen Grenzkonflikt auch mit Libyen im
ost-sudlichen Teil des Gebiets wegen Erdol und Gas, so wie mit Marokko entlang
der Grenze im NV, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>sudliches Gebiet, das
den Atlas-Bergen beinahe ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-3358359432305351272023-07-04T17:55:00.001+03:002023-07-04T17:55:26.879+03:00Algeria- state from the north of Africa, in the region named Maghreb<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8KbHgSOkiUfPvjUQPOTShTCZ6VvL2NsyP3qTkWACtoqZ6co5RskBtzrrimM4YVSDSVZ6VsoUiEn0OPGNr0scyWG-7OZWmOCjrwz1rAQXlDj74R4T05QIJVuRv1jPtZBJT4EOEcLp4882NWiVphmYGJV0FIMdUBALH6YP9cbn2phoQVfF6kRx-wYkrkLg6/s1224/Algeria-political-map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1185" data-original-width="1224" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8KbHgSOkiUfPvjUQPOTShTCZ6VvL2NsyP3qTkWACtoqZ6co5RskBtzrrimM4YVSDSVZ6VsoUiEn0OPGNr0scyWG-7OZWmOCjrwz1rAQXlDj74R4T05QIJVuRv1jPtZBJT4EOEcLp4882NWiVphmYGJV0FIMdUBALH6YP9cbn2phoQVfF6kRx-wYkrkLg6/s320/Algeria-political-map.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Algeria-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify;">
state from the north of Africa, in the region named Maghreb, part of which are
also Morocco and Tunisia, has been confronting with a civil war for the past 20
years that pitted the Islamic fundamentalist movement <i>the Islamic Salvation Front</i> (they had as an objective the
transformation of Algeria into an Islamic republic like Iran) against the
governments instated <i>by the National
Liberation Front.</i></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Although they won the
1991 elections, the ISF could not seize power because France’s and the EU’s
interests in the petrol and especially the Algerian gas, but also in the
political security of the area. A civil war between the ISF supporters and the
government forces, causing over 200 000 casualties.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After 1999, with
Abdelaziz Bouteflika winning the elections, guerilla groups were urged to lay
down arms and until 2002, great efforts are made to lower the number of rebel
forces and terrorist attacks. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Another sensitive moment
for the frail Algerian democracy was the reformatory current induced by the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Arab Spring</i> beginning with 2011, which
led to protests and riots whose impact was reduced by the intelligent measures
taken by the government. This way, the destabilization of the state and the
fall of the government, as it had happened in Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, were
avoided.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">As Al Qaeda’s and ISIS’s
power rise in the north of Africa, in Algeria appears the terrorist
organization <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Al Mourabitoun</i>, part of
a larger group, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Islamic Maghreb</i>,
which announces its belonging to Al Qaeda. This rebel organization unleashes a
series of terrorist attacks leading to hostage crisis on some oil installations
in the south of Algeria, but also on some Sahel countries (Burkina Faso, Mali
and Niger) which causes a temporary drought of gas deliveries and implicitly
economy and finance problems.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">These acts of terrorism,
which affected the Maghreb society, lead to disequilibrium in the south of
Algeria and the entire Sahara desert and worsened the relationship with its
neighbors. Another reason for this is that in the Al Mourabitoun group exist
Tuareg and Berber people that do not care about borders and have their own
agenda in regards to armed guerilla warfare.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx-ozdf39_066S4ArZ8WeuE6NHZtFifcYFB8NOkV9JopisB9plYx2_kfIXuVOco1s7psTdN8tnfWhv_AsORduOY42oqoVgSwvi1MnXsYIMVsaY8H6b-KzGNm6imlES9ISQwAMbaE20Y3cJCvslUX2FLDTbIzUc6YTmJ8K61iJx0rc3QpwPWTzZDnHYczo5/s625/algeria19923.webp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="413" data-original-width="625" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx-ozdf39_066S4ArZ8WeuE6NHZtFifcYFB8NOkV9JopisB9plYx2_kfIXuVOco1s7psTdN8tnfWhv_AsORduOY42oqoVgSwvi1MnXsYIMVsaY8H6b-KzGNm6imlES9ISQwAMbaE20Y3cJCvslUX2FLDTbIzUc6YTmJ8K61iJx0rc3QpwPWTzZDnHYczo5/s320/algeria19923.webp" width="320" /></a></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Also, in the west of the
country exist Sahrawi refugee camps from West Sahara, better described as
cities because they were founded over 40 years ago, that did not accept the
Moroccan dominance in the neighboring state.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Algeria has in this
‘frozen’ conflict the statute of refugee country, not being suspected for
helping the West Saharan troops. It also has a dispute over the border with
Libya in the south west part of the country, as Libya claims that territory as
its own due to the high oil and gas potential the region has, as well as with
Morocco over the whole north west border, near the Atlas Mountain Range.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-43312575134986556592023-06-28T09:03:00.005+03:002023-06-28T09:03:26.447+03:00Albanien- das Land befindet sich im westlichen Teil der Balkanhalbinsel<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSTWuAvpOO3R7MEW4p8oda4EU8st70Hykqd9TyTrStLRLtGnGsnmUZsV5-7vef0AWtUF1HBLHmEenM8sKqG7xhFiTvrR_-OCHr7E44OibIMxu0pTk7Z50Lez2M9RMfm8K_lxuCDLNqFvS3-dfG9Yu-P_nC832FGlOE7P2VbA3aU0XB_KGoCVBwN6x21Tyw/s371/Map-of-Albania.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="371" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSTWuAvpOO3R7MEW4p8oda4EU8st70Hykqd9TyTrStLRLtGnGsnmUZsV5-7vef0AWtUF1HBLHmEenM8sKqG7xhFiTvrR_-OCHr7E44OibIMxu0pTk7Z50Lez2M9RMfm8K_lxuCDLNqFvS3-dfG9Yu-P_nC832FGlOE7P2VbA3aU0XB_KGoCVBwN6x21Tyw/s320/Map-of-Albania.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Albanien</span></b><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- das Land befindet sich im westlichen
Teil der Balkanhalbinsel, hat Ausgang
auf die Adria und das Ionische Meer, und besetzt einen komplexen geopolitischen Raum, in dem die turkische Beherrschung und der
Kommunismus tiefe Spuren und große
soziale problemen hinterlassen hat.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Nach der Besetzung der
Region durch das Osmanische Reich im 15. Jahrhundert wechselt die Mehrheit der
Bevolkerung die Religion zum Islam, und nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg wird es zu einem kommunistischen Land, der
stalinistischen Linie annehmend.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Es folgt eine Zeit der
Isolation auf der internationalen Bühne, wenn Albanien der ärmste Staat in
Europa wird, mit zahlreichen wirtschaftlichen Problemen und Korruption, alles
fuhrt zu einer Destabilisierung des Landes. Die Entfernung von der Macht des
kommunistischen Führers Enver Hoxha, lost im Jahr 1991 einen institutionellen
Chaos aus. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Der Zusammenbruch der
Pyramidenspiele 1997,fuhrt zu einem
Bürgerkrieg ,der zum Tod von 1600 Menschen
und mehr als 6000 Verwundete
bringt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Die tiefe Krise der
albanischen Gesellschaft, wird durch die Tatsache akzentuiert, dass sich in der
Provinz Kosava, bewohnt 80 % von ethnischen
Albaner der muslimischen Religion, wahrend die serbische Minderheit der <span style="font-size: 12pt;">orthodoxen Religion ist, </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">eine terrrorostische Bewegung, namens UCK
(Befreiungsarmee des Kosovo) entwickelt.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Die Intervention der NATO
1999 fuhrt zu einer Welle der albanischen Flüchtlingen aus dem Kosovo, bei 450
000 Menschen bewertet,was Staatsprobleme, des Landes, wo bereits ein Anstieg von
Gewalt und Anarchie fördert.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXhv2hK8jOBRLtN9tSKyg4cUwCc19CegUseXG4ehtpnEns26k527Ik359LPivdmYohKOAII44-OGrLREks1nviBnUwFYGMMmyLLtOUAHVA1z8ODVnAnhCMocueFczuBK7TtlceXNMijcARRb3sVSzLlcxnYqAOhuJ0VQ8Ram0UdF5I7Bwbg14Np27ntPUL/s2048/h_99398281-e1611157183605.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXhv2hK8jOBRLtN9tSKyg4cUwCc19CegUseXG4ehtpnEns26k527Ik359LPivdmYohKOAII44-OGrLREks1nviBnUwFYGMMmyLLtOUAHVA1z8ODVnAnhCMocueFczuBK7TtlceXNMijcARRb3sVSzLlcxnYqAOhuJ0VQ8Ram0UdF5I7Bwbg14Np27ntPUL/s320/h_99398281-e1611157183605.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Die organisierte
Kriminalität, Frauenhandel und Korruption machen aus Albanien den Staat mit
niedrigstem Wirtschaftswachstum in Europa in den ' 90en Jahren, mit den
meisten Emigranten (besonders in Italien). Ihre Zahl wird auf 600 000 von 3,3
Millionen gesamte Bevolkerungszahl 1998 geschätzt.</span></p>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Albanien hat die
schwierigen Probleme von Ende 2000 überwunden und befindet sich heute unter den
europäischen Staaten mit einem moderaten aber stetigen Anstieg in den letzten
Jahren, mit einigen europäischen und transatlantischen (NATO-Mitgliedschaft und
EU) Ambitionen die aber unzureichend administrativ und politisch sind.</span> </span>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-38382466389730206222023-06-25T17:27:00.005+03:002023-06-25T17:27:23.810+03:00Albania- country situated in the west side of the Balkan Peninsula<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBK_zINwkTJlFWlZLaTsmw8Ho9nTngv9GO0Y8HINswneuanRH-IpdS8wBdKcVBlx7cIQAzt4UYBVAqMmCuwJhdrZ4gLbBfvatp9M5u3sJr8L3XTx0UL3JyaRWDTNhrGEyGEAl0EU4ARNk88HpkxHCS-9BsXGsgfOGzGwwBDnqD3jh6gxNINnp1xPzfgM7D/s371/Map-of-Albania.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="371" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBK_zINwkTJlFWlZLaTsmw8Ho9nTngv9GO0Y8HINswneuanRH-IpdS8wBdKcVBlx7cIQAzt4UYBVAqMmCuwJhdrZ4gLbBfvatp9M5u3sJr8L3XTx0UL3JyaRWDTNhrGEyGEAl0EU4ARNk88HpkxHCS-9BsXGsgfOGzGwwBDnqD3jh6gxNINnp1xPzfgM7D/s320/Map-of-Albania.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Albania-</b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
country situated in the west side of the Balkan Peninsula near the Ionian Sea
and the Adriatic Sea, it occupies a complex geopolitical space where the
ottoman rule left deep marks and the communism huge social problems.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After the ottoman
occupation from the fifteenth century, the majority of the population turns to
Islamism, but after WW2 it becomes a communist state.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Following an isolation period, Albania becomes
the poorest state in Europe, the problems created by this dictatorial regime
having consequently destabilizing of the country. After Enver Hodja’s removal
from power a civil war is began, leading to 1600 people dying and 6000 being
injured.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The profound crisis of
the Albanian society is accentuated by the fact that in the Kosovo province
(inhabited by an 80% ratio of Muslim Albanians, considering that the Serbian
population, a minority here, is of orthodox religion) the UCK (Kosovo
Liberation Army) terrorist movement is initiating guerilla operations against
the Serbian army and ethnics.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMRUO_QnaSFxyfTmWwvWfTUhl5DL92uo0-DQk9Chgs_sOnNe7w6j9Blgj8heEmU3gA0K3FYn-GxCKlJHkgRC8_q2OOjLMmhdrIh1mI9oQgVqPYjP6j9hUPdzSJ9pcT2jyqteKirNbfv_pCFERvMvkp6UkLz2pC3yDN63TJ9WhwQT41zKGIVIFyJ8cFyTBL/s2048/h_99398281-e1611157183605.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMRUO_QnaSFxyfTmWwvWfTUhl5DL92uo0-DQk9Chgs_sOnNe7w6j9Blgj8heEmU3gA0K3FYn-GxCKlJHkgRC8_q2OOjLMmhdrIh1mI9oQgVqPYjP6j9hUPdzSJ9pcT2jyqteKirNbfv_pCFERvMvkp6UkLz2pC3yDN63TJ9WhwQT41zKGIVIFyJ8cFyTBL/s320/h_99398281-e1611157183605.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The NATO intervention
from 1999 leads to the apparition of a wave of approximately 450 000 Albanian
refugees in Kosovo, which amplifies Albania’s problems with an escalation of
violence and chronical anarchy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Organized crime, women
trafficking and corruption make Albania the state with the lowest economic
growth in Europe in the 90’s, the most emigrants, their number being estimated
at 600 000 out of 3.3 million, the total population in 1998.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Albania managed to overcome the difficult
situation it was in during the late 00’s and it became one of the states with
moderate growth in the last few years, having some European and transatlantic
ambitions that aren’t administrated properly politically.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-8010062658802841682023-06-11T16:14:00.002+03:002023-06-11T16:14:16.059+03:00Südafrika-das Land befindet sich in der geografischen Region mit dem gleichen Namen<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK7-sTiRtr11g9Feh9F-A2Gqb5Z6hNwUHR7JrJ1959gkSwUL8fJpa1ZR_lYkM1yTopUWzsISVZFD74S_-d9iVdy8i24VbeW6UXu0viT7VDJwTXf_PK8SpQCYj8-KhtI7_zYzca4XqIWocmSGu_o4UXNBIEHoN0kArlTY8FxPha_RHVsg_f-20Itl812Q/s399/south_africa1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="359" data-original-width="399" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK7-sTiRtr11g9Feh9F-A2Gqb5Z6hNwUHR7JrJ1959gkSwUL8fJpa1ZR_lYkM1yTopUWzsISVZFD74S_-d9iVdy8i24VbeW6UXu0viT7VDJwTXf_PK8SpQCYj8-KhtI7_zYzca4XqIWocmSGu_o4UXNBIEHoN0kArlTY8FxPha_RHVsg_f-20Itl812Q/s320/south_africa1.gif" width="320" /></a></div><b><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Südafrika</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">-das
Land befindet sich in der geografischen Region mit dem gleichen
Namen, zwischen dem indiaschen Ozean und dem Atlantik, gilt heute als meist reichster und entwickeltster afrikanischer Staat. Dieses
Land war 52 Jahre lang(zwischen 1945 und 1992) wegen der
Apartheidpolitik( Rassentrennung der Schwarzen), das Ziel der politischen und
wirtschaftlichen Embargos, seitens der internationalen Gemeinschaft.</span><p></p>
<span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ab 1948 verschlechtert sich mit der neuen
Macht des Premierministers Daniel F. Malan die politische und soziale Situation der schwarzen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mehrheit, Politik,
die die Rassenabsonderung des jungen Staates betont und beschleunigt.</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Die schwarze Bevölkerung, die im
Grunde in einer modernen Sklaverei lebt, gruppiert sich um den Afrikanischen
Nationalkongress, der unter der Leitung von Albert John Luthuli und Nelson Mandela
ist. Er kämpft mit allen Mitteln um absolut grundsatzliche Rechte und
Freiheiten zu erhalten.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Diese schweren,ungeregelten, wirtschaftlichen und politischen Situationen,
die das südafrikanische soziale Umfeld verschlechtern, erzeugen als nächstes
Spannung zwischen verschiedenen ethnischen Gruppen. Einige der blutigsten fanden in den frühen ' 90er
Jahren statt.Gegner – die Anhänger des Afrikanischen Nationalkongresses, einen
Zeitraum von Nelson Mandela,bantuursprunglich (einschließlich aus der
Gefangenschaft) gefuhrt und
Inkatha-Anhänger zuluursprunglich (das
ist die größte ethnische Gruppe) mit Untergruppen, Kwazulu, Lebowa, Gazankulu
Kwandbele, unter der Leitung von Mangosuthu Buthelezi.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Obwohl heute an der Macht, leidet die schwarze Bevölkerung immer noch unter
Armut und mangelnde Bildung, auch nach
mehr als 20 Jahren seit dem Sturz des autoritären Regimes der weißen
Bevölkerung. Der letzte weisse Präsident
war Frederik w. de Klerk 1993,der zusammen mit Nelson Mandela, für Demokratisierungsbemühungen
und die Beseitigung der Apartheidsauswirkungen
von dem Nobelpreiskomitee ausgezeichnet wurde.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Dieses absurde politische System ging so weit, bis zur Regelug der ,,auf
welcher Seite der Straße Schwarze gehen mussen,, oder die Markierung der Zonen und Eingange, wo deren Zugang verboten
war. Die Ausbeutung der schwarzen, von
der weißen Bevölkerung führte zu unzähligen Tragödien in Gold, Kohle oder
Uranbergwerke, Tragödien die von niemandem jemals ubernommen wurden. So wie nicht jeder,
je für die Tausenden von Toten aus den Ghettos von Johannesburg, Drifted oder
Pretoriei, antwortete ist die gegen das System und sogar heftig behauptet,
Zugang zu Bildung, Gesundheit oder das Wahlrecht. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Die meisten AIDS-Patienten in Afrika, verzeichneten
die '80, z. B. Großstädte in Südafrika. Zeichnen und den Massenmord an Khoikhoi
(zusammen mit Gebüschmenschen sind indigene Bevölkerung aus den <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Wüstengebieten des südlichen Afrikas) von Buren (heute als Afrikaaner,
Nachkommen der englischen, deutschen und niederländischen).</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;"><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-80309766997583776102023-06-05T09:19:00.007+03:002023-06-05T09:19:40.754+03:00South Africa- state situated in the geographical region with the same name<p> <br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfJ-RMAgWXO9jkjAIOxefWmGxSymAvdYzfEQBanGTHmPPSK3LcNvuubZWSVuoIm-V0ZvC6ysHTL4TZ2XQPFoQA5tZiL9OAg7WEMh551yCV4fg8wn6ZZx_yv8Pr0YsEPtXtVUgrAL_1Y27b02JUZRltPryHOcuUG1hvdYSNB-eEu2zEeOCW_iTBwTuCRA/s399/south_africa1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="359" data-original-width="399" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfJ-RMAgWXO9jkjAIOxefWmGxSymAvdYzfEQBanGTHmPPSK3LcNvuubZWSVuoIm-V0ZvC6ysHTL4TZ2XQPFoQA5tZiL9OAg7WEMh551yCV4fg8wn6ZZx_yv8Pr0YsEPtXtVUgrAL_1Y27b02JUZRltPryHOcuUG1hvdYSNB-eEu2zEeOCW_iTBwTuCRA/s320/south_africa1.gif" width="320" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">South
Africa-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> state situated in the geographical region with the
same name between the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, considered nowadays
the richest and most developed African country.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This state was for 52
(1945-1992) years the target of political and economical embargos because of
the black racial segregation policy called <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">apartheid</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Beginning in 1948, the
political and social situation of the black majority aggravates as Prime
Minister Daniel F. Malan comes into power. He accentuates the racist policy of
the young state.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMJ9Zgr4BTyu0oJHERcdf6YWxJ-Do2k8ee6YFpDb61pQfGQdhRb3gsViGLw9_hE-qHTUcBNjNO04g8srC1hN5nW21cF9O6_3HegrLnPXjhFlLzbB12sTSFXODWJ3KfI5UVLLyjmg88Cnq5O5zuBFLCBpJ_yDjJd7v2GUIZv22WqPDIRXcty62P1GIrNQ/s5239/YXPPHCV4INKZ3HSCTEKWW6TWOA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3661" data-original-width="5239" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMJ9Zgr4BTyu0oJHERcdf6YWxJ-Do2k8ee6YFpDb61pQfGQdhRb3gsViGLw9_hE-qHTUcBNjNO04g8srC1hN5nW21cF9O6_3HegrLnPXjhFlLzbB12sTSFXODWJ3KfI5UVLLyjmg88Cnq5O5zuBFLCBpJ_yDjJd7v2GUIZv22WqPDIRXcty62P1GIrNQ/s320/YXPPHCV4INKZ3HSCTEKWW6TWOA.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>The discriminated part of
the people, being in a state of modern slavery, group around the African
National Congress organized and lead by Albert John Luthuli and Nelson Mandela
and fight using all means to obtain equalitarian rights and fundamental
liberties.<o:p></o:p><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">These living conditions
that alter the south African social environment generate tensions between
ethnic groups. The ones with the bloodiest outcomes took place around the 90’s
when adepts of the African National Congress lead by Nelson Mandela of Bantu
origin (other Bantu groups: Xhosa, Sotho, Tswana, Tsonga) were pitted against
Inkatha followers of Zulu origin (this being the most numerous ethnicity) with
its subgroups consisting of kwazulu, gazankulu, kwandbele and lebowa lead by
Mangosuthu Buthelezi. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Although they are in power
today, the black population still suffers from poverty and lack of education
even 20 years after the fall of the white authoritarian regime. The last white
president want Frederik W. de Klerk to whom the Nobel Prize for peace has been
awarded in 1993 along with Nelson Mandela for their efforts to democratize and
diminish the effects of the apartheid.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The absurdity of that
political system went as far as to dictate which side of the street a black man
was allowed to walk on or to areas where they were forbidden to go. The
exploitation of the discriminated race lead to countless tragedies in the gold,
coal or uranium mines for whom no one ever answered just like no one was ever
held accountable for the murdered people in Johannesburg’s, Durban’s or Pretoria’s
ghettos who were striving for access to the education and medical system and
for voting rights. For example, the highest AIDS infection rate were recorded
in the 80’s in the great African cities suburbs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The extermination of the
Khoikhoi population and Bushmens tribes (indigenous people in the desert areas
of South Africa) by the Afrikaner is also worth mentioning. <o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-44909489799305511422023-05-31T09:20:00.005+03:002023-05-31T09:20:21.881+03:00Afghanistan- Land‚ das zwischen dem Nahen Osten und Indien- Pakistanesischer Raum liegt<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtPGKCYmEdYrOhl54ipRy_FQnDMGL7lHscdwolu9CB9ugi7gd9dA0wPDBPLBpHbkn_zyqM0ud8WlRlzm9x4TxpeTJvnSbCx78yffUsvvPI0lt-GXRl2HRj9cQY6ypbws3OhJzQWG-1FM3_Gw-Y8lib6IOlicNTpBTCo0RiZ0jS7h796-XhclaT6_SQmw/s1200/cdn_image.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="923" data-original-width="1200" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtPGKCYmEdYrOhl54ipRy_FQnDMGL7lHscdwolu9CB9ugi7gd9dA0wPDBPLBpHbkn_zyqM0ud8WlRlzm9x4TxpeTJvnSbCx78yffUsvvPI0lt-GXRl2HRj9cQY6ypbws3OhJzQWG-1FM3_Gw-Y8lib6IOlicNTpBTCo0RiZ0jS7h796-XhclaT6_SQmw/s320/cdn_image.gif" width="320" /></a></div><b><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Afghanistan</span></b><span lang="DE" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">- Land‚
das zwischen dem Nahen Osten und Indien- Pakistanesischer Raum liegt,wird von Arnold
Toynbee,“ die Kreuzung der antiken Wege "aufgrund seiner geopolitischen
Lage im Nahen Osten genannt. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Im Osten liegt der große
muslimische Nachbar Pakistan, Ort wo </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">mehrere afghanische Taliban-Führer Zuflucht
suchten, ständige Quelle des islamischen Fundamentalismus. Im Westen liegt Iran
</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">und im Norden die Republiken der
ehemaligen Sowjetunion, Usbekistan, Tadschikistan und Turkmenistan. </span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Ein enger territorialer Korridor,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wakhan genannt, bietet eine isolierte und
seltsame Verbindung mit China ,genauso wie es in Namibien der Caprivi Korridor
macht .Beide sind geerbte koloniale Entwürfe, die die <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spannungen mehr verschärfen als verringern. </span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Afghanistan-ist von zahlreichen Kriege
zwischen den Volksgruppen gepragt, vor allem nach der Unabhängigkeitsverkundigung
im Jahre 1919, als es </span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Monarchie wird,
und ab 1973, wenn es sich Republik unter der Führung von Muhammad Daud
deklariert. Es wird zum Schauplatz von Machtkämpfen zwischen den konservatoren
Islamer und den reformierenden Parteien, die durch die beiden militärischen
Großmächte (Sowjetunion und USA) in die ' 80er Jahre unterstützt werden.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Im Jahr 1979 fordert der neue Staatsleiter
Babrak Karmal das Eingreifen der sowjetischen Armee an, um die politische
Situation in diesem stark divisiertem Land zu regeln.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Das Angreifen der sowjetischen Truppen
hat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>aber als Ergebnis einen noch
groseren Chaos und die neun Kriegsjahren hinterliessen <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>bis 1988 (das Jahr des Abzugs der sowjetischen
Truppen) über 15.000 tote<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Soldaten und
teilweise den Verlust des ideologischen <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Einfluss,
den die Sowjetunion <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in der Zone sich
gewünscht hätte.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Der ausgedehnte <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bürgerkrieg erzeugt ein Wettrüsten der über 20
ethnischen Gruppen (Tadschiken, Pushtuni in allen Regionen, Usbeken, Turkmenen <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>im Norden und Hazara in der Mitte, Beluchi im
Suden,oder Hindus), die durch die USA ( gleichzeitig mit den Mujahedinii und
den Talibanen) unterstuzt werden. Hundert Millionen aus den CIA Kontos gingen
besonders zu den Tadschikenstaemme im Extremnorden und den Pushtuni weil sie
erfolgreich<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>und determiniert mit den
sowjetischen Truppen kampften.</span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Gleichzeitig unterstützt Sowjetunion die
kommunistische <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Regierung und andere
ahnlichen politischen<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gruppen. Die
direkte Folge ist einerseits der Lebensverlust von uber 1,5 Millionen Personen,andererseits
die 5 Millionenzahl Flüchtlinge am Ende der sowjetischen Besatzung, in Pakistan
und Iran und ,sowie riesige Sachschäden. </span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Folglich der zahlreichen
Friedensabkommenversuche und des ONU-Einsatzesendet der Krieg . Zur Macht
kommen die Mujahedini und die radikalisierten Talibanen , die in kurzer Zeit
eine islamische Republik mit einer harten inneren Politik einrichten, in der
Grundrechte und Freiheiten eingeschrankt werden.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Der Ruckzug</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>der Sowjeten im Jahre 1988 stellte einen
Wendepunkt in der Auflösung des afganischen Staates dar, da<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>die Finanzierung kam jetzt aus <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Saudi Arabien, Ägypten und <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>auch Israel.Das ermöglichte die Bildung von
kleinen, gut ausgestatteten Armeen, die sich später in den Jahren 2000 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>als schwere Muhlsteine im Krieg zwischen den
USA und den talibanische Al Qaedamitglieder erwiesen. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Der</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Umgang der talibanischen Regierung mit dem Al
Qaeda Führer, Osama Bin Laden und die Hilfe der</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">terroristischen Anschläge sowohl aus der Hauptstadt von Kenia (Nairobi) im
Jahr 1998, als auch das WTC seit September 2001, führte zu einer klaren
USA-Reaktion und zur Koalition gegen den Terrorismus. Zu </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">der Koalition gehoren Soldaten aus Ländern auf
allen Kontinenten, darunter auch Rumänien.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Heute entfaltet sich <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>die Autorität der Regierung und des Präsidenten<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Hamid Karzai, der erste demokratisch
gewählt, und seit<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2014, Ashraf Ghani)
kaum uber die Grenze von Kabul. Sonst haben Leiter der autoproklamierten
Regionenchefs und Mitglieder der gefürchteten Panjshairi Mafia (das
Opium-Geschäft, wo<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>das Land weltweit
führend in der Produktion ist)die Kontrolle über 80 % des Territoriums. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Die durchschnittliche
Lebenserwartung in Afghanistan ist 44 Jahre , das Niveau der Urbanisierung ist
unter 30 % und im </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Human Development
Index, befindet sich dieses Land auf den letzten Plätzen.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Nur ein Fünftel der Bevölkerung hat Zugang zu
sauberem Trinkwasser </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">und das Niveau der
Alphabetisierung ist etwa 28 </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">%. Diese
Elemente zeigen einen zusammenbrechenden Staat als Folge der kontinuierlichen
Kriege im letzten Jahrhundert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Laut Robert Cooper
ist Afghanistan ein vormoderner Staat, eine Art ,,Terra Nullius "mit nominellen
Souveränitäten, wo verschiedene ethnische oder religiöse Gruppen (siehe
Khazar-Lage im Zentrum des Landes,aufgrund <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>aktueller Zugehorigkeit zum sunnitischen
Gebiet religios verfolgt), das Gebiet auf feudalen Prinzipien organisiert. Die Situation
in diesem Land ist nach wie vor, extrem unstabil,der <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aufstand der Talibaner ist noch sehr aktiv
(die letzten Angriffe im Januar 2018 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>destabilisieren das Land wieder), die Opiumsmafia
ist noch sehr stark, der Einfluss des Irans und Pakistans steigt<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>unter der verarmten Bevölkerung.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Wahrend Vorsitzender
Ashraf Ghani ständig Anrufe an dem aktuellen Anführer der Talibanen, Maulvi
Haibatullah Akhunzadah für Friedensverhandlungen macht, wollen sie direkte
Gespräche mit USAs militärischen Kraften und Ofiziallen, die sie als ,,Fremdherrschaft
"betrachten. Der Bürgerkrieg fuhrt trotz einiger zaghaften demokratischen
Entwicklungen, im Zusammenhang mit freien Wahlen oder starken Institutionen,
durch eine gemeinsame Anstrengung der Allianz gegen den Terrorismus, weiterhin.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Positive
Ergebnisse<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>der, von der Koalitionskräften
gegen den Terrorismus getoffenen Maßnahmen,die von den USA angeführtwurden, sind
sichtbar. Beispiele-das medizinische System ist besser entwickelt, fast 6
Millionen Flüchtlinge aus den Nachbarländern sind in ihre Häuser zurückgekehrt,
es gibt <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>eine relativ starke und gut
ausgebildete und ausgerüstete Armee, sowie über 8 Millionen <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>schulbesuchende Kinder, darunter 3 Millionen
Mädchen. <o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><p></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-81370429117163069902023-05-29T09:56:00.006+03:002023-05-29T09:56:46.339+03:00Afghanistan –country situated between the Middle East and the Indian-Pakistani Space<p><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBxkMig8sdZ9dtXCWrrl_oD2xVCq66GAFMHMAPQtekc3VDhP-ToCfeE3ksY7SOTuCkd4xgGVOEkKKK1qe7pXonarOjorCW2JS2Eez00TH21vW33iFbHBTU1sSl4M3TqKYm4w3NQoavDA4X4wGI4fyhUJDe7_yCRMiXDVXxdmYGl7mYdCwWSlS6HHI1cg/s1200/cdn_image.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="923" data-original-width="1200" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBxkMig8sdZ9dtXCWrrl_oD2xVCq66GAFMHMAPQtekc3VDhP-ToCfeE3ksY7SOTuCkd4xgGVOEkKKK1qe7pXonarOjorCW2JS2Eez00TH21vW33iFbHBTU1sSl4M3TqKYm4w3NQoavDA4X4wGI4fyhUJDe7_yCRMiXDVXxdmYGl7mYdCwWSlS6HHI1cg/s320/cdn_image.gif" width="320" /></a></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Afghanistan
</b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">–country
situated between the Middle East and the Indian-Pakistani Space and named by
Arnold Toynbee ‘crossroads of the ancient world’ thanks to its geopolitical
position in the Greater Middle East.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To its east lies the great Muslim neighbor
Pakistan, where many Taliban afghan leaders took refuge, permanent source of
Islamic fundamentalism. West of Afghanistan lies the Iran of Shia faith and
north of it, the former soviet republics, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and
Turkmenistan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A narrow territorial
corridor called Wakhan assures an isolated and odd connection with China, just
like the Namibian Caprivi Strip, both of them being inherited colonial
creations which amplify the ethnic tensions more then they fix them, (see
Namibia).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Afghanistan is shattered
by numerous interethnic wars, especially after proclaiming its independence in
1919 when it becomes a monarchy. After 1973 when it declares itself a republic
under the leadership of Muhammad Daud, Afghanistan becomes the scene of
struggles for power between the Islamic conservatory parties and the
reformatory ones backed up by the two great military powers (USSR and USA) from
the 1980’s. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 1979, the new
president, Babrak Karmal solicits the intervention of the soviet army in order
to fix the political situation in this country which was powerfully divided
between tribes. The soviets’ involvement results in more chaos. They lose until
1988 (the year of their retreat) over 15 thousand troops and their ideological
influence which they would have wanted to use in the region. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The civil war generates a
race for arming the over 20 ethnical and religious groups in the region: Tajiks
as well as Uzbeks and Turkmens in the north, Pashtuns and Hazara in the center,
Baloch in the south and Hindus. These are helped by the US, which also support
the Mujahedeen and Taliban. Hundreds of millions of dollars from CIA accounts
went to the Tajik tribes from the further north and to the Pashtun, because
they were the ones that fought with determination and success against the
soviet troops.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicMmzQwO7hqfamCw6L1HqOqE9JcOoxI_h0gTkViykwsRY1qeqYq5zFlN_Y1dFmFTKBcv6hmmCbKwzIPR8rmYerxmBQY3sJxn2g4d_prBpQQc6poNmht14Cvb7Cbsqe19KHp88Xj9RCf-5CJX82xn0YjVnwZhEjrxaZPvdN0vxSMoZrzV9YMF9z4w7x-g/s5500/CDFEFRK5TFOLXAO34VS5XXZKQU.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3667" data-original-width="5500" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicMmzQwO7hqfamCw6L1HqOqE9JcOoxI_h0gTkViykwsRY1qeqYq5zFlN_Y1dFmFTKBcv6hmmCbKwzIPR8rmYerxmBQY3sJxn2g4d_prBpQQc6poNmht14Cvb7Cbsqe19KHp88Xj9RCf-5CJX82xn0YjVnwZhEjrxaZPvdN0vxSMoZrzV9YMF9z4w7x-g/s320/CDFEFRK5TFOLXAO34VS5XXZKQU.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At the same time, the USSR supported the communist
government, which has as consequences loss of human lives (1.5 million civils),
5 million refugees at the end of the soviet occupation spread all around
Pakistan and Iran and huge material damage.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After the numerous peace
treaties and the UN intervening end the war, power goes to the Mujahedeen and
the radical Taliban that proclaim an Islamic republic with a harsh internal
policy, which hinder fundamental rights and liberties. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The retreat of the
soviets was the moment when things complicated because Saudi Arabia, Egypt and
Israel started funding various ethnic groups. This allowed for the creation of
small armies which proved to be hard to defeat in the USA’s war with the
Taliban. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The association of the
Taliban government with the Al Qaeda leader, Osama Bin Laden and the help given
in the terrorist attacks in the Kenyan capital, Nairobi, in 1998 and the WTC in
2001 gave birth to the USA’s violent answer and the foundation of a coalition
against terrorism whose members span countries all over the world.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Nowadays, the
government’s and the president’s authority (Hamid Karzai, the first one
democratically elected followed by Ashraf Ghani in 2014) barely exceeds the
Kabul’s margins. In other parts of the country, self-proclaimed regional rulers
and members of the feared Panjshiri mafia (opium business, domain where the
country is the world leader) have control over more than 80% of the territory. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The medium life
expectancy in Afghanistan is 44 years, the urbanization rate is below 30% and
in the UN’s Human Development Index this country is somewhere near the last
places. Only a fifth of the population has access to potable water and the
alphabetization rate is only 28%. All these elements signify a collapsing state
because of the continuous wars in the last century. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">According to the
classification by Robert Cooper, Afghanistan is a pre-modern state, a kind of
‘terra nullius’ where the different ethnic and religious groups (see the Hazara
people’s situation from the country’s center, religiously persecuted because of
their belonging to the Sunni current) organize the land based on feudal
principles.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This state’s conflict’s
situation is an extremely volatile one, the Taliban insurgency still being very
active (the last terrorist attacks from January 2018 with booby-trapped cars
destabilize the country), the opium mafia being very strong and the Iran’s and
Pakistan’s influence growing amongst the poor population.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">President Ashraf Ghani is
making constant appeals to the Taliban leader, Maulvi Haibatullah Akhunzadah
regarding truces or peace negotiations, however they desire direct
conversations with US officials, who they consider “foreign occupation’’. The
civil war continues despite the timid democratic evolutions regarding free will
and the creation of powerful institutions with the help of the coalition
against terrorism<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The positive results of
the measures taken by the aforementioned coalition lead by the United States
are also visible. The medical and education systems look better now. Nearly 6
million refugees from the neighboring countries have returned to their homes;
there exists a pretty strong, well-trained and equipped army and over 8 million
children who go to school including 3 million girls.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-86410683700562734492023-05-23T16:49:00.007+03:002023-05-23T16:49:51.038+03:00Adscharien-Republik/Gebiet mit autonomem Status, innerhalb Georgiens<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibwUmh__PZcjtzoBaDfDxz4BtUkOlmXoWR6knFc1veh3Q1fA-MwuZBR56VCHu9_p3KMCT_lOuuOG2AmiER3CyXsBYE0y9h9BT9ekzdgOBADLeSWBtPnzQvjVzcGWxWMjtySjI8xen5FPjmJiNAHg9OhLMCJd9L0R-687N3oak0AG6CZOP5vzrHyF0_gQ/s700/100035906.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="420" data-original-width="700" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibwUmh__PZcjtzoBaDfDxz4BtUkOlmXoWR6knFc1veh3Q1fA-MwuZBR56VCHu9_p3KMCT_lOuuOG2AmiER3CyXsBYE0y9h9BT9ekzdgOBADLeSWBtPnzQvjVzcGWxWMjtySjI8xen5FPjmJiNAHg9OhLMCJd9L0R-687N3oak0AG6CZOP5vzrHyF0_gQ/s320/100035906.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Adscharien-Republik</span></b><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">/Gebiet mit autonomem Status, innerhalb Georgiens, be<br />findet sich im
Südwesten des Landes, an der Grenze mit der Türkei, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ist von Adjari bewohnt ,einem ethnischen
georgischen Unterzweig der muslimischen Religion. Die Spannungen zwischen
Adscharien und Tibilisis Regierung erreichen ihren Höhepunkt im Jahr 2003, nachdem
Mikhail Saakashvili zur<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Macht
kommt.Damit kommt<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aslan Abașidzes<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>20jahriger Mafia Regime <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>zu Ende.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Der Anführer der selbsternannten
autonomen Republik zerbombt drei strategische Brücken,die<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Adscharien von Georgien <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>über den Choloki-Fluss verbanden, was das Land
an der Schwelle eines neuen Bürgerkriegs führt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Dieser mafiothische Führer ist durch die
Demonstrationen im Mai 2004, von Batum( Hauptstadt der Region) , die von
Saakaschwilis Männer orchestriert wurden,gezwungen, nach Moskau zu fliehen. Auf
dieser Weise wurde, in der ,die sich eine zweite Abchasien werden wollte die
Verfassungsordnung wiederhergestellt<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Auch so ist Adjariei Status weiterhin
ungewiss,die <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>interreligiösen Spannungen bleiben
aktiv, bestimmte Einflussgruppen in Ankara und Moskau wurden von Interventionismus
in die inneren Angelegenheiten Georgiens beschuldigt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-46205240612640909802023-05-22T15:21:00.000+03:002023-05-22T15:21:05.593+03:00Adjara- rather a territory with an autonomous statute, in Georgia<p><b style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;"> </b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT-a_W9zRZRS9HaIrZq_ss90LelsttDveGCP3KXudmfdupq1LAb2-le1HqFgvcGRGyCVaSZJK5tO6eg6Kb8N-sP93Tke8V_us4z3eBduQhTZDuifPWlZb4PSwqmGw5WUNtgFK_L5r3Xmm7WCdyr34rL1xJeIDtraDItdYjIp4jgRi1Wj_2TA8WSDcmBg/s700/100035906.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="420" data-original-width="700" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT-a_W9zRZRS9HaIrZq_ss90LelsttDveGCP3KXudmfdupq1LAb2-le1HqFgvcGRGyCVaSZJK5tO6eg6Kb8N-sP93Tke8V_us4z3eBduQhTZDuifPWlZb4PSwqmGw5WUNtgFK_L5r3Xmm7WCdyr34rL1xJeIDtraDItdYjIp4jgRi1Wj_2TA8WSDcmBg/s320/100035906.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></div>A republic or rather a territory with an autonomous statute, included in Georgia,
situated in the south-west of this country at the border with Turkey. In it
live mostly Adjarians, an ethnical branch of Muslim Georgians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The latent tensions
between Adjara and the Tbilisi government reach a climax in 2003, after in
power comes Mikhail Saakasvili who wants to shut down the corrupt regime
imposed by the Adjarian leader Aslan Abasidze for the past 20 years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The ruler of the
self-proclaimed republic orders Adjarian militia to destroy three strategically
placed bridges over the river Choloki that connected Adjara to Georgia in order
to disrupt any physical or juridical tie to Georgia but this gesture brings the
country on the verge of civil war.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Adjarian separatist
leader is forced by the Batumi demonstrations (the capital of the republic)
from May 2004, which are orchestrated by the Georgian authorities, to run to
Moscow, thereby reestablishing the constitutional order in the place, which
wanted to become the second Abkhazia. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Even so, Adjara’s statute
is still uncertain, the interreligious tensions remaining active, some
influence groups form Ankara and Moscow having been accused of intervening in
Georgia’s internal affairs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Georgia is an unique case
in the Caucasian region because it insists very much on Euro- Atlantic
integration, on being accepted into NATO in spite of Russian threats. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgufiQpaqLrSkDpv3OFJgyZ9-LcTH75a1z8FXBsg-ImR6UGAoSvcGsvq9AoG0zMJTIYxNKNTz4dFD2GOPm2FR3Gx-MkJyDj7FH7S2VbUWnh8urbCWHS8KjVfWYaQEuXYZfmTN0zhx2tyOJAbatxTm5rZx542_gz0WDYZWpQ4tuxw0-cKkGUNaQCfFm0TA/s634/Adjara_map.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="354" data-original-width="634" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgufiQpaqLrSkDpv3OFJgyZ9-LcTH75a1z8FXBsg-ImR6UGAoSvcGsvq9AoG0zMJTIYxNKNTz4dFD2GOPm2FR3Gx-MkJyDj7FH7S2VbUWnh8urbCWHS8KjVfWYaQEuXYZfmTN0zhx2tyOJAbatxTm5rZx542_gz0WDYZWpQ4tuxw0-cKkGUNaQCfFm0TA/s320/Adjara_map.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span><p></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-70534851586749227912023-05-16T20:10:00.005+03:002023-05-16T20:10:31.937+03:00Abchasien (Abkhazeti)-ist eine autonome Republik,die im nordwestlichen Teil von Georgien liegt<p><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLr7ufImo2w4Hfod7hsPCNG0nk7FTU2kpfRkaNfdOMXKE6hQkmRhzLWyiPwQGxhb5dWmdNU9A-JhxJUJl8BmHX8InwmaLL__9A4JFYRoSRjGPG-NunHeufTqB8JSSuda2EROJC-vfhUp1eLAUlyHLZe2tkZCEIdlDJU9hhjkoMsWyTyh5P-IZIoEf_7g/s300/images%20(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLr7ufImo2w4Hfod7hsPCNG0nk7FTU2kpfRkaNfdOMXKE6hQkmRhzLWyiPwQGxhb5dWmdNU9A-JhxJUJl8BmHX8InwmaLL__9A4JFYRoSRjGPG-NunHeufTqB8JSSuda2EROJC-vfhUp1eLAUlyHLZe2tkZCEIdlDJU9hhjkoMsWyTyh5P-IZIoEf_7g/s1600/images%20(1).jpg" width="300" /></a></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="DE" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abchasien (Abkhazeti)</span></b><span lang="DE" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>stellt die Art, der selbstständigen Einheit
dar, die Russland <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>politisch und
finanziell im ganzen Ex-sowjetischen Raum unterstützt, um unabhängige Staaten,die
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>im Jahr 1991 entstanden,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>solide und demokratische Gesellschaften zu
strukturieren, zu vermeiden, auch auf deren heterogenen ethnischen Hintergrund.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abchasien ist eine
autonome Republik,die im nordwestlichen Teil von <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Georgien liegt, im Nordkaukasus, aber mit
großer Öffnung zur Kolhida Ebene und mit Ausweg zum Schwarzmeer, im Westen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Es ist die Art der
Post-sowjetischen Region mit unsicherem Status, international <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>nur von Russland und Nicaragua anerkannt und die
an Georgia im Süden und im Osten und an <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Russland und <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>an die autonome Karaceaevo-tscherkessische
Republik im Norden <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>grenzt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Abchasien ist eine autonome
Republik, innerhalb der Georgischen Sozialistischen Sowjetrepublik (Gruzine)
bereits seit 1921; sie bildet die Szene eines Bürgerkrieges zwischen 1991-1994,
in dem die Streitkräfte der neulich unabhangigen Georgiens, </span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">von den abchasischen Rebellen, die durch
russische Krafte aus Militärstützpunkte im Gebiet des Landes noch vorhanden
unterstuzt werden, besiegt wurde.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Obwohl die Georgier in
Abchasien in der sowjetischen Zeit, die Mehrheit bildeten,wurden nach dem Krieg
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>200 000 von ihnen gezwungen,das Land zu
verlassen,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>was die Ethno-linguistische
Struktur der Republik, zu Gunsten der Abhazen, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>von Georgier und Russen gefolgt, andert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Nach 1994 blieb die Situation des
Konflikts <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ungeregelt-nach Transnistriens
Modell-und das <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>macht dass in diesem Teil
von Georgien, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>keine zentrale Staatsbehörde
existiert, so dass die Republick auf dem Prinzip „ der Staat im Staate ",
vor allem nach der Unabhängigkeitserklärung vor Georgien im Jahr 1999 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>funktioniert,aber mit finanzieller
Unterstützung von Moskau, in allen Bereichen, von Renten bis zu Investitionen,
siehe Transnistrien, Moldawien.</span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Im Jahr 2008 befiehlt der georgische
Präsident Mikhail Saakashvili den georgische Streitstruppen,die staatliche
Kontrolle über Abchasien und Südossetien wiederherzustellen; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>nach dem <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>brutalen Eingreif der russischen Truppen ist
aber die georgische Armee <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>gezwungen,
sich aus diesen Gebieten, nur 6 Tage nach dem Beginn der Offensive
zurückzuziehen.<br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7DIGahdrOD-7PIbRfT8jIug_PcNszg8GVWCk6xC5Yk292XPv02gSKBQYsvPl22T_Li-JR5PCqP8actPJ6AvO5jDe357mj-G4dvzroRkk7fayMe2mj1IgSf2sKq95ofZkDVYHAa_gwfaEcJtAS0x4j_9IWaA4xPvHHHYpcdQFpWNYwIXLknvWBLR4Czg/s311/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="162" data-original-width="311" height="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7DIGahdrOD-7PIbRfT8jIug_PcNszg8GVWCk6xC5Yk292XPv02gSKBQYsvPl22T_Li-JR5PCqP8actPJ6AvO5jDe357mj-G4dvzroRkk7fayMe2mj1IgSf2sKq95ofZkDVYHAa_gwfaEcJtAS0x4j_9IWaA4xPvHHHYpcdQFpWNYwIXLknvWBLR4Czg/s1600/images.jpg" width="311" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="background: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Das Ergebnis ist, dass die beiden Republiken
von der Russischen Föderation, mit dem Status<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>autonomer Republik innerhalb es, erkannnt werden. Sie repräsentieren
Enklaven im georgischen <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gebiet, als <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Teil des allgemeinen Plans, die kalten
Konflikte-die Bestandteile der heutigen geo-politischen Sicherheitzone
Russlands- zu behalten. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Siehe Georgien</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-39512165075643987662023-05-11T15:35:00.002+03:002023-05-11T15:35:44.197+03:00Abkhazia- autonomous republic in the north-west side of Georgia<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT4ZzCE2UQ6ijwqOXHHdpyOW3Nt248kdU1PZO-Ils_Ce-E2kM2L1egcU1eTw0GMPZkm5w7yj-vuTz5ozySZIuoT9M0FV-t5deTWfGWBDlkEoMq7EimvmlrPS52QglBeQlwFSQUTEHt3HoDkCHMd44Kmb-PoLJqBplmL3n0PxvxwlT8KhpLy9XiXbk1CA/s400/Oficial-american--SUA-nu-vor-recunoaste-niciodata-Abhazia-si-Osetia-de-Sud.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="400" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT4ZzCE2UQ6ijwqOXHHdpyOW3Nt248kdU1PZO-Ils_Ce-E2kM2L1egcU1eTw0GMPZkm5w7yj-vuTz5ozySZIuoT9M0FV-t5deTWfGWBDlkEoMq7EimvmlrPS52QglBeQlwFSQUTEHt3HoDkCHMd44Kmb-PoLJqBplmL3n0PxvxwlT8KhpLy9XiXbk1CA/s320/Oficial-american--SUA-nu-vor-recunoaste-niciodata-Abhazia-si-Osetia-de-Sud.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></div></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Abkhazia-
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFFBGbHPvDqS79GiWeecp9e7tGdA_SzORZPCBgpjmVDDi94_t878uV4OjFYHSxPUk34KhS-nHCBdmKg3dsTBmsRzcS1bbGRMeqSHUOMcUj618h6xCKdxiS42YZGFLof1FWfx3Jf1Li562zmJfzL1sKOS3vCxKiZ_Z9SyFdXWumWnnj5JhZCRb4XAkoqg/s575/3590165_803.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="575" data-original-width="575" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFFBGbHPvDqS79GiWeecp9e7tGdA_SzORZPCBgpjmVDDi94_t878uV4OjFYHSxPUk34KhS-nHCBdmKg3dsTBmsRzcS1bbGRMeqSHUOMcUj618h6xCKdxiS42YZGFLof1FWfx3Jf1Li562zmJfzL1sKOS3vCxKiZ_Z9SyFdXWumWnnj5JhZCRb4XAkoqg/s320/3590165_803.jpg" width="320" /></a></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">represents
the type of autonomous entity that the Russian Federation politically and
financially supports. They do this in order to stop the independent states
resulted in 1991 from structuring solid and democratic societies.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Abkhazia is an
autonomous republic situated in the north-west side of Georgia, on the
foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, having the Black Sea to its west. Its two
neighbors except for Georgia are Russia to its east and he Karachay-Cherkess
Republic to its north.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Abkhazia is the type of
post-soviet region with an uncertain statute, recognized worldwide only by
Russia and Nicaragua. An autonomous republic included in the Georgian Soviet
Socialist Republic ever since 1921, Abkhazia was the scene of a civil war
between 1991 and 1994. During this conflict, armed Georgian forces are defeated
by the Abkhazian rebels and the Russian troops from the remaining military
bases. These bases are still on Georgia’s territory.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Although Georgians were
the majority in Abkhazia during the soviet period, after the war 200 000 of
them are forced to leave which modifies the ethnical structure of the republic
in favor of the Abkhazians.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2a870NYBLX5AJ9qLPLj18pJIBmv_6FZLvLuNTAXHKPZ_YCIzomB18mdkQx308eoWtLaXQ2PiU7XdcOx40zV_iLLEo317e7fAxK-XEBnHz1XVqmWiuTvDdIlnUsLvLbSVXzcMo2mFCiFK80SCSTE6Wxp7Je2tV4_rlg-3gNZSdz1sbWcUEXf_98bcihA/s604/rusia-abhazia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="454" data-original-width="604" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2a870NYBLX5AJ9qLPLj18pJIBmv_6FZLvLuNTAXHKPZ_YCIzomB18mdkQx308eoWtLaXQ2PiU7XdcOx40zV_iLLEo317e7fAxK-XEBnHz1XVqmWiuTvDdIlnUsLvLbSVXzcMo2mFCiFK80SCSTE6Wxp7Je2tV4_rlg-3gNZSdz1sbWcUEXf_98bcihA/s320/rusia-abhazia.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After 1994, the
situation of the conflict remained politically unregulated which made for an
inexistent governmental authority in this part of Georgia, this republic
functioning on the ‘deep state’ principle. This happened after Abkhazia’s
independence claim in 1999, the small state receiving financial support by
Russia in all domains. (for ‘deep state’ see Transnistria, Moldavian Republic)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 2008, the Georgian
president Mikhail Saakasvili orders the Georgian military to retake
governmental control over Abkhazia and South Ossetia, however the brutal
intervention of the Russian troops in the two republics forces the Georgian’s
soldiers to retreat from these territories only 6 days after the start of the
offensive.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The two separatist
states are recognized by the Russian Federation, being a part of it as
autonomous republics. In fact, Abkhazia and South Ossetia represent enclaves on
Georgia’s territory, being a part of a general strategical plan of maintaining
some conflicts frozen. They guard Russia as a geopolitical shield, assuring
much desired stability<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-71758403819665784612023-03-27T20:31:00.005+03:002023-03-27T20:31:26.193+03:00Posibila Unire România-R. Moldova<iframe style="background-image:url(https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Y0HYcR52UVY/hqdefault.jpg)" width="480" height="270" src="https://youtube.com/embed/Y0HYcR52UVY" frameborder="0"></iframe>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-38300610019232787272023-03-12T20:18:00.002+02:002023-03-12T20:18:26.630+02:00Conflictul din Kosovo-explicat<iframe frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://youtube.com/embed/ODGAjE1NLO4" style="background-image: url(https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ODGAjE1NLO4/hqdefault.jpg);" width="480"></iframe><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Originile conflictului din Kosovo. Dacă vă întrebați unde vor fi extensiile războiului actual, ar fi bine să vă uitați mai atent la fitilul sârbo/kosovar, la butoiul cu pulbere din Balcani, adică zona Kosovo- Republica Srpska din Bosnia- Serbia- Bosnia Herțegovina. Explicații simple ca să înțelegem contextul religios, strategic, geopolitic. Vă pupă proful Irașcu!</span></div>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-67223982261578435712023-01-05T21:46:00.004+02:002023-01-05T21:46:29.731+02:00Războiul Armenia-Azerbaidjan explicat<iframe frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://youtube.com/embed/heAIOzoQVRI" width="480"></iframe><div>Revin cu o chestiune mai serioasă, legată de sângerosul conflict dintre Armenia și Azerbaidjan. Războiul din Caucazul de sud, este unul crud, religios și teritorial, până la capăt, fără scrupule sau sensibilități regionale. Urmăriți canalul meu de youtube, care are deja aproape 1670 de abonați, lângă care vă aștept și pe voi! Vă pupă profu’ Irașcu! </div>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-79314356580252104832022-09-27T16:55:00.000+03:002022-09-27T16:55:04.440+03:00Ingușetia o lungă istorie de luptă cu rușii<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikpZTj9vweGODhFXjtaYjN1WznZWGwacDgaAMfL6mLe7eBO6MqDj4fXInaE16KUyLblB5thi8WldepaSxRfHwOMZZNJ-5TPH0z_cr6bR6F0WN4FojQ-AMsJmzA586atlsORWUtBh_d4LesGrZHzskyHJQAmkeMimZZxcqpzOGLmlZc80uFgjVB7-ydIw/s2560/ingushetia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="2560" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikpZTj9vweGODhFXjtaYjN1WznZWGwacDgaAMfL6mLe7eBO6MqDj4fXInaE16KUyLblB5thi8WldepaSxRfHwOMZZNJ-5TPH0z_cr6bR6F0WN4FojQ-AMsJmzA586atlsORWUtBh_d4LesGrZHzskyHJQAmkeMimZZxcqpzOGLmlZc80uFgjVB7-ydIw/s320/ingushetia.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Ingușetia- </b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">este cea mai mică republică dintre cele 17,
care alcătuiesc Federația Rusă, situată în Caucazul de Nord, între Cecenia,
Osetia de Nord, Rusia și Georgia. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Are o istorie interesantă în relația cu Rusia
Sovietică, ca și în Cecenia vecină, sentimentele față de marele stăpân de la
nord, sunt negative și s-au lăsat tot timpul cu conflicte interne sau de
graniță. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Ceceno-ingușii au fost deportați de Stalin,
după al Doilea Război Mondial, fiind acuzați de colaboraționism cu armata
nazistă, când de fapt istoria a demonstrat că ei au rezistat eroic în munții
lor, oprind înaintarea armatei germane. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX15T1za-4n6HtkdcpDO6rhqcFzWx5X5__vUcqx5xzyXnc4tvbwNghystOF5haVsrOlebfKUahwygYvL6VqEkLn-7PqWVTIwgi_D5KKr9zXx8hHISiMxN6LkNg1K70a1QHOZydV9S4yHsbOy9-FgI6FmZBHfWGjRHSx29INOFJuY70uSO4S3xlBqqPpw/s290/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="174" data-original-width="290" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX15T1za-4n6HtkdcpDO6rhqcFzWx5X5__vUcqx5xzyXnc4tvbwNghystOF5haVsrOlebfKUahwygYvL6VqEkLn-7PqWVTIwgi_D5KKr9zXx8hHISiMxN6LkNg1K70a1QHOZydV9S4yHsbOy9-FgI6FmZBHfWGjRHSx29INOFJuY70uSO4S3xlBqqPpw/s1600/images.jpg" width="290" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Denis J.B. Shaw, geograf, autorul celebrei
cărți <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Rusia în Lumea Modernă,</i> spune
că în Caucazul de Nord ,, coloniștii ruși, cazaci și ucraineni, s-au lovit de
rezistența îndârjită a muntenilor de acolo”. Acest fapt se verifică atât în
ceea ce privește Ingușetia, cât și<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>în cazul
Ceceniei și al multor populații din <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Munții Caucaz. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Ingușii sunt musulmani, cu un respect deosebit,
însă, pentru originea lor creștină, și au fost angajați într-un conflict cu
Osetia de Nord, în 1992, imediat după destrămarea URSS. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Atunci, în Osetia de Nord au avut loc epurări etnice
comise de osetini cu sprijinul armatei ruse, ceea ce a dus la relocarea a peste
60 000 de inguși din Osetia în Ingușetia. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Un alt episod sângeros și trist este legat de școala
din Beslan din Osetia de Nord, din 2004, când peste 385 de femei și copii au
fost uciși de către rebelii teroriști inguși sau au căzut victime ca urmare a
asaltului forțelor de securitate ruse. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Cu peste 1000 de ostatici luați în zilele
atacului, masacrul din Beslan, este consemnat ca cel mai trist moment al războaielor
care au măcinat Caucazul de Nord, după destrămarea Uniunii Sovietice. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Alte situații în care au fost incluși rebeli
inguși au o directă legătură cu războaiele ruso-cecene, în care ingușii au fost
de partea fraților lor de limbă și cultură, cecenii. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Anii de luptă de gherilă pentru rebelii inguși
nu s-au terminat, în 2014 liderul rebel Arthur Getagazhev a fost ucis
într-un atac al forțelor ruse FSB( Serviciul Federal de Securitate), iar
tensiunile în creștere au dus la o decizie fără precedent a guvernului de la
Moscova, și anume interzicerea dreptului la vot în Ingușetia. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Lucrurile se complică <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>în planul politicii internaționale, când
președintele inguș Yunus-Bek Yevkurov, de orientare pro rusă, recunoaște că
rebelii din țara sa luptă în Ucraina, de partea ucrainenilor, în zona
Donbasului, în cel mai nou episod sângeros legat de dorințele Rusiei de a
stăpâni practic toate vecinătățile sale. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Profilul acestei republici, ca de altfel al
tuturor republicilor cauzaziene, este acela al unei societății sărace, dominate
de corupție cronică și cu administrație incompetentă. Au loc frecvent răpiri și
crime în rândul populației și al forțelor de securitate, proteste anti
guvernamentale și atacuri asupra bazelor rusești. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Ultima suplimentare de forțe de securitate ruse
FSB, a fost de 25 000 de soldați, așa că se vorbește din ce în ce mai mult de excesele
armatei de ocupație, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dacă privim din
perpectiva ingușă, ceea ce duce la deteriorarea constantă a situației
drepturilor omului. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">În concluzie, un alt conflict înghețat, ținut
sub control <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>strict rusesc, care
mărginește Caucazul și toată granița Federației Ruse cu zona euro-asiatică, închizând
zona gri de republici cu populație musulmană și tendințe separatiste-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">vezi Osetia de Nord, Cecenia, Daghestan,
Georgia, Kabardino-Balkară.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></i></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-13098781068817153662022-09-24T11:48:00.005+03:002022-09-24T11:48:49.806+03:00Daghestan- cazanul conflictual al Caucazului de nord<p> <b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Daghestan </span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">este una dintre
republicile Federației Ruse din nordul Caucazului, cu o ieșire largă în partea
de est la Marea Caspică. Vecinii Daghestanului sunt Azerbaidjanul și Georgia la
sud, Cecenia la vest și republica autonomă Kalmukă la nord.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY3vsmVHrDzMbxYE8o93CmmckB8lek_E5Fr0q-Y1PFhXJjuBKOk1pZB9x09Z9IHfOHryIKH5MJTDRQviekVdMObpLK4WrJu6vrYyYPJvjAh76arcJEndBqF1J6DYHP4921XEULnc4pXLsBmYQymCT3eBwWwIl2RxDA5fj5i8d6OTjSAzDx8xAZWeQtdA/s300/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY3vsmVHrDzMbxYE8o93CmmckB8lek_E5Fr0q-Y1PFhXJjuBKOk1pZB9x09Z9IHfOHryIKH5MJTDRQviekVdMObpLK4WrJu6vrYyYPJvjAh76arcJEndBqF1J6DYHP4921XEULnc4pXLsBmYQymCT3eBwWwIl2RxDA5fj5i8d6OTjSAzDx8xAZWeQtdA/s1600/images.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Daghestanul este una dintre republicile nord
caucaziene considerată sursă de tensiuni
etnice și fundamentalist-religioase, bântuită de o corupție endemică, care
alimentează o economie subterană mai puternică decât cea de suprafață.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Daghestanul este o republică recunoscută pentru
componența sa etnică extrem de diversă, cu două grupuri mari de populație împărțite
în nenumărate alte subgrupuri. Domină grupul etno-lingvistic nord caucazian(75%)
care este format din avari, dargini, lezgini, laci, ceceni și tabasarani, urmat
de grupul populațiilor turcice, format din kumici, azeri și nogai. Pe lângă
aceștia, în republică locuiește și o minoritate rusă care nu este de neglijat.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizOoRlOM18C4Oh2d1R_qUHoXdt2ASPkjfPE35jXRoV1FcExMDTHGxAWB-ecVmBhCoJENW-ay8OaNxnFcIa4H6djP_reSdJE2MVR3vIoAKmTVDZCP12tAGTQeWRGHLsEIbKnImM0Rsonh-02IUH-CnokDFvKoQfSMaVkKsfJRPE8nZyQwKgF2q9XBGlBg/s257/images%20(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="257" data-original-width="196" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizOoRlOM18C4Oh2d1R_qUHoXdt2ASPkjfPE35jXRoV1FcExMDTHGxAWB-ecVmBhCoJENW-ay8OaNxnFcIa4H6djP_reSdJE2MVR3vIoAKmTVDZCP12tAGTQeWRGHLsEIbKnImM0Rsonh-02IUH-CnokDFvKoQfSMaVkKsfJRPE8nZyQwKgF2q9XBGlBg/s1600/images%20(1).jpg" width="196" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Daghsetanul este considerat un teritoriu
periculos unde se desfășoară de mulți ani un război surd de gherilă, un război civil
de joasă intensitate, între forțele islamiste care doresc instaurarea unui emirat
al Caucazului, unde legea supremă să fie Sharia și forțele conservator-tradiționaliste,
de sorginte musulmană sufistă, susținute de puterea de la Moscova.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Insurgența din Munții Caucazului, este
susținută și de<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mișcările
fundamentaliste din Cecenia. Aceasta din urmă este vinovată de un episod
sângeros din istoria recentă a acestei republici. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">În 1999 grupuri de ceceni înarmați, conduși de
Samil Bashayev-un lider cecen foarte cunoscut- au intrat în Daghestan cu scopul
de a constitui Republica Islamică Daghestan, dar sunt respinși de armata rusă,
care folosește momentul ca motiv de a invada a doua oară Cecenia și a pune
capăt celui de-al doilea război ruso-cecen, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">vezi
Cecenia</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Tensiunile din Daghestan și din capitala Makhachkala
reizbucnesc cu putere în 2010, și în doi ani zona devine epicentrul luptelor și
atentatelor teroriste din nordul Caucazului, ceea ce aduce țara în pragul unui
război civil, între numeroasele grupuri etnice și religioase( chiar în cadrul
aceleiași religii). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Sunt consemnate numeroase atacuri cu bombă și
mașini capcană, uciderea unor clerici, persecuții religioase, atacuri ale unor
lupi singuratici, schimburi de focuri între forțele de poliție sau ale FSB și
milițiile ascunse bine în munții din Caucaz, care aici, la granița cu Azerbaidjanul,
ajung la peste 4400 de metri, fiind alimentate cu arme și mulți bani de către
grupurile islamiste cecene.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-9008946456364163832022-09-16T16:59:00.004+03:002022-09-16T16:59:26.511+03:00Conflictul azero-armean<p> Conflictul azero-armean. De gândit. 16.09</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7hwqbmJoKWM0njB_N3B0hDb6EtYwXYDlqq0WdPuYgH5tsH71WurNc8Dkv3JeuQCP-tqrF6O2CzEServAy9HWnvae_PeImuzRsUABSamuHTjrLyouYTN_s7NKc5lVXxtulVvBN2yRV0hNO7XYpvxdUKud4fyDcWMZ6nnJVD8SBvJtDusm7jHqJbAHujw/s408/FC098F85-E6ED-4EC3-939D-547860DD2C34_w408_r0_s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="272" data-original-width="408" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7hwqbmJoKWM0njB_N3B0hDb6EtYwXYDlqq0WdPuYgH5tsH71WurNc8Dkv3JeuQCP-tqrF6O2CzEServAy9HWnvae_PeImuzRsUABSamuHTjrLyouYTN_s7NKc5lVXxtulVvBN2yRV0hNO7XYpvxdUKud4fyDcWMZ6nnJVD8SBvJtDusm7jHqJbAHujw/s320/FC098F85-E6ED-4EC3-939D-547860DD2C34_w408_r0_s.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tde/1.5/20/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span>Comuniști includ în 1923 Nagorno Karabah-ul armenesc, în Azerbaidjan, devenind astfel una dintre cele mai mari enclave din lume, împreună cu Nahicevan (exclavă/teritoriu azer din SV Armeniei). Modelul de includere a unor enclave sau teritorii locuite de o anume etnie, în interiorul unei alte republici, a permis autorităților sovietice să controleze foarte eficient tensiunile interetnice prezente pe teritoriul fostei URSS. <br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tde/1.5/20/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> În 1988, încă în URSS, armenii protestează, omoară și alungă din țara lor mii de azeri, azerii organizează pogromuri în Baku și în alte zone împotriva armenilor. În 1991-1994, după independență, are loc primul război. Câștigător Armenia.<br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tde/1.5/20/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> Azerii, neam de turci, au relații apropiate cu Ankara, au poate un sfert din gazul de pe planetă, în Marea Caspică. Baku arată azi ca și Dubaiul, și nu este întâmplător. Deși republică, seful cel mare este un tip din tribul Alyev( Ilham), capo di tutti capi, care și-a numit soția( o frumusețe!) vicepreședinte. Toate evaluările de inteligence arată că capul de pod al corupției euro-asiatice trece prin familia Alyev&comp.<br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> Banii făcuți din gazul caspic, au permis înarmarea puternică a țării, cu participarea Turciei și a altor mari fime de armanent din lume. Asta a permis câștigarea tuturor micilor războaie în Nagorno Karabah, pe care-l vor include de facto și de jure, până la urmă în țara lor, cu toată opoziția rezistenței de acolo sau a armatei armene, care ajută combatanții din enclavă de pe graniță( sunt câțiva zeci de kilometri între Armenia și NK).<br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> Armenia, din lipsă de perspective geopolitice, aflată în fundul Caucazului, a devenit un aliat al Moscovei în regiune( bază rusească la Gyumri). Gândiți-vă că la sud este neprietenul Turcia( genocidul armean organizat de turci în 1915 nu este recunoscut nici azi!), la est se află Azerbaidjan cu NK și alte zeci de mici enclave armenești, la nord este Georgia, cu un statut încert politic, după ce la putere a ajuns un partid pro-rus( 50% voturi în 2020). <br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tde/1.5/20/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> Recentele tensiuni și masacre dintre cele două țări, au legătură cu războiul din Ucraina. Slăbirea influenței Moscovei și o posibilă cădere a lui Putin, lasă Armenia în aer, ceea ce va permite Azerbaidjanului să-și ia înapoi Nahicevanul creând un culoar în sudul extrem și să-i alunge pe armeni din NK( 190 000 loc.)<br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tde/1.5/20/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> Liderul azer, cel turc și turkmen, care pun la cale un fel de lume panturcească în centrul Asiei, au fost la adunarea dictatorilor de la Samarkand( Uzbekistan) de zilele trecute, ca să ia pulsul lui...Putin. Să vadă cât de slăbit este geopolitic, ca să poată întreprinde tăvălirea Armeniei.<br /><span class="hsphh064 owmke36a kjdc1dyq ctgv7vl3 m8h3af8h lvuc4oj0 je9skisw tt3ens6q eq5u9d8z" data-testid="emoji" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tde/1.5/20/1f4cc.png"); background-size: 16px 16px; cursor: default;"><span class="tbl4rxom k8cr7cgy eusf8shn rl78xhln f7cxi1y6 srn514ro">📌</span></span> Armenia constituie, în acest sens, un exemplu despre cum arată viziunea acestor mici republici caucaziene asupra independenței politico- economice și relația cu marele vecin de la nord, aceasta fiind una dintre marile vulnerabilități ale tuturor țărilor care au făcut parte din marele imperiu comunist al URSS, vezi Moldova cu Transnistria, Georgia cu Abhazia și Osetia de Sud, Ucraina....<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5mQP4QOrlCqjuSx8OYZFpnamNLOFOrJi1WR_er42dYvbcjgpAYk-sPCZJHC9eHWXzrNHQV6gYg4O-d7SvAUSe0-m4uDf7w8YM6ai9Im2pS09NqtBDGoBBo3xwxDHazmK80OmQFLzld7GPcL5GXv__cYzXEgApEKBFcHANBnpDyHI3RY_q1PH4oziT4g/s760/d35805382bc3c9490262945f09ac9d3e.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="428" data-original-width="760" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5mQP4QOrlCqjuSx8OYZFpnamNLOFOrJi1WR_er42dYvbcjgpAYk-sPCZJHC9eHWXzrNHQV6gYg4O-d7SvAUSe0-m4uDf7w8YM6ai9Im2pS09NqtBDGoBBo3xwxDHazmK80OmQFLzld7GPcL5GXv__cYzXEgApEKBFcHANBnpDyHI3RY_q1PH4oziT4g/s320/d35805382bc3c9490262945f09ac9d3e.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><br /><p></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-32544773684355566622022-08-30T09:16:00.001+03:002022-08-30T09:16:08.130+03:00Cecenia un conflict mocnit din Caucaz<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"></p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOpWKnIEoF-jlgZbKdr60425OJyKFOhqoVCa8AIspSph2-OGtHXv-KlFHza35ntZCFqVOaCOXtWArFD_u_iLRYRSA8M0trcZ-fegbPJkT0oFkDZkd-qgNNdI_fFSl9K8GGksp9oA65cLWtRBlHnd7Iuzctc4_cJPKqV8EYeu9GAuuJIXDrFf1OONZykg/s300/images%20(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline !important; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOpWKnIEoF-jlgZbKdr60425OJyKFOhqoVCa8AIspSph2-OGtHXv-KlFHza35ntZCFqVOaCOXtWArFD_u_iLRYRSA8M0trcZ-fegbPJkT0oFkDZkd-qgNNdI_fFSl9K8GGksp9oA65cLWtRBlHnd7Iuzctc4_cJPKqV8EYeu9GAuuJIXDrFf1OONZykg/w320-h179/images%20(1).jpg" width="320" /></a></p><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Cecenia </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">este
o republică autonomă din cadrul marii Federații Ruse, aflată pe linia nordică a
Munților Caucaz, având ca vecini la vest Ingușetia și Osetia de Nord, la est
Republica Daghestan, la nord ținutul Stavropol din Rusia, iar la sud Georgia.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Situația
Ceceniei este una singulară la nivelul cordonului de state tampon din Caucazul
de Nord, fiind singura unde s-au dus două războaie civile, cel de-al doilea
continuând și azi sub forma unui conflict de gherilă, cu intensități diferite. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Deși
nici Ingușetia și nici Daghestan, n-au fost ferite de furia trupelor de
securitate ruse(FSB), în urma unor provocări ale militanților pentru
independență, ele n-au avut totuși războaie în toată regula pe teritoriul lor.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrXuVjApd4Ro8FhbsAfF9za_CZs_IIvDCkYits-FbcdKwNiu8qlibvCiXw1ZO2kckm_OGK0GbzBXyxQ4QkQ69sAp1k_6nwkyhXjzEp-MZhqLk5QIuXolgZbN5V2R3h-PEfHea5U6GNUiL2GWqL-kPsZF7LRPrM5gYGjURQboDUH0CpzbnCHw72dQ2mhQ/s225/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="225" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrXuVjApd4Ro8FhbsAfF9za_CZs_IIvDCkYits-FbcdKwNiu8qlibvCiXw1ZO2kckm_OGK0GbzBXyxQ4QkQ69sAp1k_6nwkyhXjzEp-MZhqLk5QIuXolgZbN5V2R3h-PEfHea5U6GNUiL2GWqL-kPsZF7LRPrM5gYGjURQboDUH0CpzbnCHw72dQ2mhQ/s1600/images.jpg" width="225" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Pentru
a înțelege situația extrem de tensionată din această parte a Federației Ruse,
este bine de amintit că cecenii, ca și ingușii, au avut mult de suferit din
partea ocupanților ruși, în ultimii 400 de ani de stăpânire. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Aceștia
s-au opus cu îndârjire acțiunilor trupelor ruse și mai apoi sovietice, s-au
opus creștinării forțate (cecenii sunt musulmani sufioți moderați) și chiar
educației, din acest motiv ajungând poporul caucazian cu cel mai mic grad de
alfabetizare. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vezi Ingușetia</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Textul
ce urmează din cartea <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Răzbunarea
geografiei de R. Kaplan</i> este edificator: ,,…cecenii musulmani s-au
împotrivit armatelor țarinei Ecaterina cea Mare la sfârșitul secolului al XVIII
lea și ale tuturor țarilor de după ea, pentru că atitudinea belicos/beligerantă
a acestora își trage seva din modul de viață pastoral- muntenesc, în care a
umbla înarmat pentru apărarea turmelor de capre și oi era un lucru normal. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Convertiți
la islamul sufiot, mult mai puțin fanatic decât alte ramuri ale credinței
islamice, ei și-au<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>apărat zeloși
pământurile de rușii creștini ortodocși” spune Robert. D. Kaplan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Și în timpul, dar mai ales după al Doilea
Război Mondial, cecenii au fost acuzați de colaboraționism cu trupele naziste,
fapt pentru care cea mai mare parte a poporului cecen a fost deportată în
stepele Kazahstanului sau în Siberia, de unde s-au întors mai puțin de<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>jumătate, în urma decretului de revenire dat
la câțiva ani după moartea lui Stalin, în 1957. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Moartea prin înfometare, torturile și aducerea
altor grupuri etnice, în special ruși și ucraineni,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>în orașele și satele cecene, au schimbat
inițial structura etnică a țării, dar sentimentele anti rusești au fost
puternice și transmise din generație în generație au generat o natalitate mare
în rândul lor. Azi, după două războaie civile și mii de morți, la care se
adaugă exodul populației rusești, Cecenia a ajuns din nou să aibă peste 90% din
populație de etnie cecenă.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Primul război cecen are loc între anii
1994-1996 și s-a desfășurat pe fondul unor decizii ale politicienilor ceceni
care-și doreau independența, în anii tulburi de după dezmembrarea URSS, care a
avut loc în 1991. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Liderul cecen Djohar Dudaev, fost general de
aviație în armata sovietică, declară Cecenia ca republică independentă și
respinge orice negociere între autoritățile federale de la Moscova și noua
republică, fiind singura dintre toate entitățile autonome ale Federației Ruse
care refuză termenii noii constituții. Numele dat de ceceni țării lor în urma
deciziei din 1992, este </span><span lang="RO" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Republica Cecenă Icikeria.</span><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Ca urmare a acestui refuz, în decembrie 1994,
trupele de securitate ruse decid să invadeze Cecenia, ocupând în scurt timp
capitala Groznîi. După bombardamente intense, care cauzează mii de morți (din
nefericire mulți civili ruși care locuiau în capitală și care constituiau elita
educată a republicii) s-a declanșat un val de refugiați care s-au îndreptat
către toate republicile din jur.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">O regrupare a forțelor lui D. Dudaev, cu
ajutorul mercenarilor daghestanezi, inguși și chiar arabi, a fost suficientă
pentru a recuceri capitala, ucigând sute de soldați și luând ostatici o bună
parte din trupele de ocupație. Războiul devastator pentru micuța republică se
încheie cu un acord de pace în 1996, care prevedea că statutul Ceceniei va fi
decis până în 2001.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Pe fondul sărăciei, dezastrului economic,
corupției generalizate și împărțirii țării între clanurile mafiote, în 1999 se
declanșează al doilea război cecen. Între timp, în republică, se instalează la
putere o camarilă cecenă pro-rusă, apărată de peste 80 000 de soldați ruși
cantonați în bazele militare din apropierea capitalei.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Numeroșii lideri ceceni pro sau anti ruși sunt
asasinați în diverse moduri, cele mai cunoscute fiind cazul liderului
separatist Aslan Mashadov, ucis de agenți ruși ai FSB, cu o grenadă aruncată în
buncărul său, în 2005 și cel al președintelui pro-rus Ahmad Kadîrov, ucis de o
bombă aflată sub tribuna VIP a stadionului din Groznîi, în 2004, la parada
militară de ziua victorie armatei sovietice în al Doilea Război Mondial.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="RO" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Practic acest al doilea război cecen nu s-a
terminat, el continuând azi sub forma unui conflict de uzură, dus de forțele
pro ruse și de forțele de securitate ruse, cu diversele grupări rebele ascunse
în munții și în satele Caucazului, sau cantonați în baze secrete din țările
vecine, care susțin formarea unui califat musulman în această zonă. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vezi Daghestan, Ingușetia, Osetia de Sud,
Georgia, Osetia de Nord, Kabardino-Balkară.</i><o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-75597530910390927122022-08-22T12:27:00.001+03:002022-08-22T12:27:07.062+03:00Taiwanul și agresiunea chineză<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsq8gGa9rWOWtuFEl38GBfjTq9GWl40Z9KxpuBU3cMC64_9JS6vCpwny_Wd2bh61G3X5PNMXEcY3PUxjUFbbuCR38cXWHtaqhC3zeygaoIWHXvUiHvQ2PdsFmP0VfBqEySzE7lnUyHFg7OTKxctxi5Ovym3OaofCuqP1q0TQ1h9zy3ZeCjqQy3NiFS0Q/s300/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsq8gGa9rWOWtuFEl38GBfjTq9GWl40Z9KxpuBU3cMC64_9JS6vCpwny_Wd2bh61G3X5PNMXEcY3PUxjUFbbuCR38cXWHtaqhC3zeygaoIWHXvUiHvQ2PdsFmP0VfBqEySzE7lnUyHFg7OTKxctxi5Ovym3OaofCuqP1q0TQ1h9zy3ZeCjqQy3NiFS0Q/s1600/images.jpg" width="300" /></a></b></div><b>Taiwanul </b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">este o insulă cu o suprafață apreciabilă din Marea Chinei
de Sud (la limita cu Marea Chinei de Est), aflată la nord de Filipine, cunoscută
oficial ca Republica Chineză, traversată prin zona centrală de linia Tropicului
Racului.<o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Istoria sa zbuciumată capătă conotații dramatice după ce Chiang Kai Shek,
liderul partidului Guomindan, reușește să-i alunge de pe insulă pe japonezi,
după care declară Taiwanul, provincie a Republicii Populare Chineze. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">În martie 1949 pe fondul războiului civil din China, Chiang Kai Shek, se
retrage pe insula Taiwan, împreună cu guvernul său naționalist, cu 500 000 de
militari și peste 1,5 milioane de chinezi. Cauza o constituie diferențele
majore de viziune dintre Chiang Kai Shek liderulul Partidului Guomindan și liderul
Partidului Comunist Chinez, Mao Zedong.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Ajuns pe insulă, Chiang Kai Shek instituie legea marțială și proclamă
Republica Chineză Populară a Taiwanului, lege care este este retrasă abia în
1987, când Taiwanul începe un proces de democratizare, trei ani mai târziu, în
1990 desfășurându-se primele alegeri libere. În tot acest interval, liderii
Guomindan, au condus autoritar insula, reușind să transforme țara, dintr-una agrară,
într-o putere industrială cu accent pe dezvoltarea noilor tehnologii. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx-_PBMEym2xYaoImipvs6mTZ9Ygw5jD-lzZy7y-WcdYMN9wdbHBfSW2DwAai3PmvSLDmN-bHadUEjeaza3rNV7uI20Ux7v6EYxRHXcRQ9kBDd0lcSGYv7XHXbmjiDrIftu5YIg7J7odLxMR1KTLk4GfTFGGLUboUCmFr0FpNLlR-sopTIw7DXtgxcuw/s275/images%20(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx-_PBMEym2xYaoImipvs6mTZ9Ygw5jD-lzZy7y-WcdYMN9wdbHBfSW2DwAai3PmvSLDmN-bHadUEjeaza3rNV7uI20Ux7v6EYxRHXcRQ9kBDd0lcSGYv7XHXbmjiDrIftu5YIg7J7odLxMR1KTLk4GfTFGGLUboUCmFr0FpNLlR-sopTIw7DXtgxcuw/s1600/images%20(1).jpg" width="275" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Guvernul menține Constituția adoptată în 1947, primește un ajutor
consistent financiar și militar de la SUA și de la celelalte puteri
occidentale, iar până în 1971, aceasta
ocupă locul Chinei comuniste în Consiliul de Securitate al ONU. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">În acest fel, Taiwanul devine unul dintre tigrii sau dragonii asiatici, (alături de Singapore, Coreea de
Sud și Hong Kong), cu o dezvoltare explozivă, o putere regională în adevăratul
sens al cuvântului.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">În 1971, Adunarea Generală a ONU, restabilește locul Republicii Populare
Chineze, în Consiliul de Securitate, tensionând relațiile cu SUA, Franța și
Marea Britanie, care doreau recunoașterea internațională a Taiwanului. În 1978,
SUA întrerupe relațiile diplomatice cu
insula, în urma demersurilor categorice ale Chinei, care nu dorea și nu dorește
nici azi, ca vreun stat din lume să recunoască independența Taiwanului.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Problema strâmtorii Taiwan (Formosa, după numele portughez al insulei),
este încă de actualitate, în condițiile în care flota Taiwanului este foarte
bine dotată, iar China, o mare putere continentală lucrează intens și
investește masiv pentru a deveni o mare putere maritimă în zona Pacificului de
vest( Marea Chinei de Sud, Marea Chinei de Est, Marea Galbenă). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Amenințările permanente ale Chinei, exercițiile militare făcute în apele
sale teritoriale dar și în cele internaționale din proximitatea Taiwanului,
plus pretențiile Chinei asupra tuturor arhipelagurilor de insule și insulițe
din această regiune (Arhipelagul Spratley sau Senkaku, este cel mai bun
exemplu), instituie o stare de tensiune</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">permanentă în zonă. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bonus un filmuleț de pe canalul meu de youtube, despre pericolul celui de-al treilea Război Mondial : </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiN4czAxHys</span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-44064961666215522462022-08-21T18:34:00.000+03:002022-08-21T18:34:19.474+03:00Conflictul din Kurdistan- butoiul cu pulbere din Orient<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdKZqUQaIl3GLlzZ7a9JfErNp7GFUXU6rHRa6qsMq6KEWoF4eYOrN7cWl_8HhGf_2dZUtzhnPA-QvSQjGQjePu7_zgjY57eaKZ90-hTCAalKPOutNbA3uLpkmNNlFrN1iOoQXv51TQyyu1LMl9hMh_MTiCVappxQ3sQ5_eT9Bd88cQJeOl3X40xqVQA/s1062/Feb-152022.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="807" data-original-width="1062" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdKZqUQaIl3GLlzZ7a9JfErNp7GFUXU6rHRa6qsMq6KEWoF4eYOrN7cWl_8HhGf_2dZUtzhnPA-QvSQjGQjePu7_zgjY57eaKZ90-hTCAalKPOutNbA3uLpkmNNlFrN1iOoQXv51TQyyu1LMl9hMh_MTiCVappxQ3sQ5_eT9Bd88cQJeOl3X40xqVQA/s320/Feb-152022.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kurdistanul <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">este o regiune destul de omogenă din punct de
vedere etno-cultural, situată în inima geografică a ceea ce numim Orientul
Mijlociu. Kurzii sunt un popor turcic, cu o limbă care face parte din familia
limbilor iraniene, înrudită cu osetina din zona Caucazului. <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Teritoriul ocupat de kurzi se sprijină, din
punct de vedere geografic, pe munții Caucaz-Ararat spre nord, Munții Zagros
spre sud, Munții Taurus la vest, marele platou deșertic sirian la sud, având în
partea centrală marele lac tectonic Van (din Turcia).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Țările în care se află minorități kurde sunt
Turcia( Bakur-Kurdistanul turcesc), unde se afl[ cei mai mulți, în jur de 20 de
milioane, concentrați în sud-vestul Anatoliei, în Siria(Rojava-Kurdistanul
sirian) de nord, în partea de vest a Iranului ( Rojhiklat- Kurdiatnul iranian) și
o mare minoritate în Irakul de nord( Ba</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">şȗ</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">r-Kurdistanul
irakian). Minorități mai mici sunt în Armenia, Azerbaidjan, Caucaz și Europa
unde au organizații<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>civice foarte bine
puse la punct.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0fJlfXHiwVzj25i0xoYx-u0n0EmQLtXiwkmvNtmH_WGE7Ejtf3fAyhj901qpcJnmxw25NCjJO5_rluTnuUldLUgcSJPIzBu8ZKarDDkq8fTk6GOEgSJ9LgzzSauB1cbK0sAGirYiaRTyNTw3pv5yxwKSy2I1XE7ATBPmZ7lqIAjnpXIVeMYvOjMREag/s224/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="224" data-original-width="224" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0fJlfXHiwVzj25i0xoYx-u0n0EmQLtXiwkmvNtmH_WGE7Ejtf3fAyhj901qpcJnmxw25NCjJO5_rluTnuUldLUgcSJPIzBu8ZKarDDkq8fTk6GOEgSJ9LgzzSauB1cbK0sAGirYiaRTyNTw3pv5yxwKSy2I1XE7ATBPmZ7lqIAjnpXIVeMYvOjMREag/s1600/images.jpg" width="224" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Singurul stat în care kurzii au drepturi
recunoscute și o regiune autonomă federală este Irakul, în timp ce în Turcia se
refuză inclusiv denumirea de Kurdistan, deși sunt multe districte unde sunt
numai kurzi, ceea ce a determinat apariția Partidului Muncitorilor din
Kurdistan( PKK) considerat organizație teroristă. Pogromuri împotriva kurzilor
au loc încă din 1925, de pe timpul lui Mustafa Kemal Atat</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">ü</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">rk. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">În Iran minoritatea kurdă este recunoscută, iar
în Siria este persecutată și exilată în alte state din cauza războiului civil.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Kurzii, care își spun <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">kurmagi</b>, doresc crearea unui stat independent care să reunească
toate zonele locuite de ei, acest lucru nefiind agreat de SUA, Rusia sau UE, și
cu atât mai puțin de statele unde aceștia au comunități etnice puternice,
singurul unde se bucură de o autonomie extinsă fiind Irakul, conform noii
constituții, adoptată după înlăturarea de la putere a lui Saddam Hussein. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">De altfel în Irak, ca și în Turcia azi, kurzii
au fost marginalizați, uciși, expulzați sau acuzați de terorism, astfel că au
avut loc cel puțin două insurecții ale forțelor kurde, împotriva regimurilor
irakiene(1943-1945, 1961-1975). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Partidul Muncitorilor din Kurdistan ce
activează în Turcia de sud-est, este o organizație politică și armată care a
luptat în deceniul sângeros, 1980-1990, cu armata și poliția turcă, prin toate
mijloacele, având ca rezultat moartea a zeci de mii de kurzi și distrugerea a
sute de așezări din sud –vestul Turcieiîn urma bombardamentelor aviației turce
dar și numeroase victime în rândul civililor turci, victime ale atentatelor
sinucigașe sau cu mașini capcană din marile orașe turcești. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Cel mai cunoscut lider kurd este Abdulah </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Ö</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">calan, arestat în 1999 și condamnat la moarte în Turcia, pedeapsa
a fost comutată la închisoare pe viață, după ce această țară a renunțat la
pedeapsa cu moartea.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Între 1990 și 2004, a existat o oarecare
relaxare a relațiilor, minoritatea kurdă reușind chiar să intre în parlamentul
de la Ankara, însă venirea la putere a radicalului președinte Erdogan, a încheiat
această perioadă,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>chiar cu riscul
deteriorării relațiilor cu UE, și al exacerbării sentimentului naționalist
kurd.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">În Irak a fost creată o forță armată/ miliție
extrem de puternică și de bine organizată și înarmată numită Peshmerga( în
traducere: Spre moarte) care luptă cu succes în teatrul de operațiuni din
Siria, împotriva Statului Islamic( ISIS/ISIL/Daesh). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Milițiile Peshmerga și mai nou, YPG (</span><span lang="FR" style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Unitățile
de Apărare a Poporului, în kurdă: Yekîneyên Parastina Gel)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"> sunt acuzate de guvernul
Turciei că ar alimenta grupările extremist –teroriste PKK din zonele muntoase
de graniță din sud-estul Anatoliei, ceea ce amplifică tensiunile dintre
guvernarea tot mai autoritară al lui<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Recep Tayyip Erdo</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">ğ</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">an și președintele Masud
Barzani, liderul Kurdistanului autonom irakian.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-15727026589874094742022-08-14T21:22:00.005+03:002022-08-14T21:22:28.779+03:00De ce are Africa de Sud 3 capitale<iframe frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://youtube.com/embed/ApZhFQjMigs" style="background-image: url(https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ApZhFQjMigs/hqdefault.jpg);" width="480"></iframe><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Chiar așa! De ce are o țară 3 capitale? Urmăriți într-un minut și jumătate, pe canalul meu de youtube, explicația cu privire la Africa de Sud. Vă pupă proful Irașcu!</span></div>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8316279422783066176.post-83027075377949997952022-05-19T16:28:00.007+03:002022-06-19T17:49:39.742+03:00Dezintegrarea Rusiei/ Războiul din Ucraina<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgixUrl95xJLs7pUj_1g85R9vRwMlBOt7FEFhV_31Hgt_OROIvPvLp3e_S54MWjR0s8829zK3w6wk5_BOBuQ4GtwYthuWXJmhzBTjwFlRVYieW92W9Zbf7T1NXmuTif8IZdKpeGMip55z_F3qpazIL1sPIiygrcNEuozqlX7lG6hfFkfbyYnGQygo2jKA/s285/images.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="177" data-original-width="285" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgixUrl95xJLs7pUj_1g85R9vRwMlBOt7FEFhV_31Hgt_OROIvPvLp3e_S54MWjR0s8829zK3w6wk5_BOBuQ4GtwYthuWXJmhzBTjwFlRVYieW92W9Zbf7T1NXmuTif8IZdKpeGMip55z_F3qpazIL1sPIiygrcNEuozqlX7lG6hfFkfbyYnGQygo2jKA/s1600/images.jpg" width="285" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">19.06 2022</span></p><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">De gândit:</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">-<span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span> Rusia va face implozie și se va prăbuși în jumătate de an/un an, ca o șandrama uriașă părăsită pe un câmp care seamănă cu Terra, ori se va sparge în feude, unde diverși medievali gen Kadîrov vor ucide oameni pentru distracție.</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">- <span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span>Ucraina își va reveni foarte greu în toate domeniile( economic, social, militar, politic, medical, demografic chiar), deja are o contracție economică de 50% din PIB; Germania de Est nu este complet integrată nici acum, după ce s-au investit doar în primii 25 ani peste 2000 de miliarde de E și nu venea după un război convențional distrugător, ba chiar era cea mai dezvoltată țară comunistă.</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">- <span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span>Aderarea la UE este o poveste pentru poporul ucrainean și moldovean, georgian nici atât, după ce guvernul de acolo s-a speriat de Putin. Mai degrabă o poveste pentru ucraineni, pentru că șansa Moldovei suntem noi( RO), cu condiția ca rămășița Armatei a XIV ea să dispară din Transnistria. Ucraina NU va fi curând stat membru, chiar dacă i se vor face concesii mari.</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">- <span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span>Statutul de țară candidată la UE este un proces complex. Gândiți-vă că Macedonia de Nord a devenit țară candidată acum 17 ani, Muntenegru acum 14 ani, Serbia și Albania acum 13 ani. Fiecare s-a mișcat în stilul guvernărilor și al așezării legislației pe calapodul UE. Serbia chiar a luat-o razna de tot odată cu războiul ăsta, în condițiile în care are 40% șomaj și a fost evitată de investiții europene. Noi am uitat, dar acest proces este unul infernal dpdv procedural. Deci, povești de război sau postrăzboi, astea cu aderările.</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">- <span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span>Criza cerealelor va fi una gravă în primul rând pentru Ucraina! Ce va face când rezervele din silozuri se vor goli, banii din vânzarea grânelor se vor termina pe proiecte de reconstrucție iar ce se va produce anul acesta va fi păstrat pentru nevoile interne?</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">-<span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span> Tările care depindeau de grâul ruso-ucrainean au deja probleme alimentare mari, sunt prăbușite economic și social din cauza războaielor civile nesfârșite și dau doar 4 țări: Libia cu potențial de destabilizare a Africii de Nord( și Egiptul vecin este dependent de cerealele din Rsia și Ucraina!), Somalia ( țara unde foametea este o realitate de peste 40 de ani), Sudan( război civil, refugiați, subnutriție de 40 de ani, la care adăugați și Sudanul de Sud în oglindă) și Liban( țară cheie între Siria devastată și Israelul relativ stabil și pol de alimentare pentru gaz lichefiat pentru Europa).</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">-<span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span> Turcia are neșansa să fie condusă de un tip cu aceleași frustrări de mare-mic dicator, nebăgat suficient în seamă, ca și Putin. Erdogan are același discurs ca sceleratul de la Kremlin. Vezi felul fals mesianic în care amenință Grecia, vezi politica de epurare din sud-est, vezi îmbățoșeniile cu privire la intrarea Suediei și Finlandei în NATO.</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">- <span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="📌" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t5/1.5/16/1f4cc.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span>Și, ne place sau nu, România devine pol adevărat de stabilitate în partea asta de lume. Prietenă cu SUA, cu Turcia, Israel, Ucraina( acum!), membră UE. Porturi mari la Marea Neagră( Constanța este un fel de Singapore al Europei de sud-est, oricum cel mai mare din Marea Neagră). Grânar al Europei! Țară din ce în ce mai influentă economic și militar. Până la Polonia și Turcia, nu există țară mai puternică în zonă, nici măcar Grecia sau Ungaria nu ne depășesc. Așa se explică prezența lui Iohannis la Kiev...</div></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;"></span></p><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">Bonus un film de pe canalul meu de youtube despre războiul din Siria: <span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class="oajrlxb2 g5ia77u1 qu0x051f esr5mh6w e9989ue4 r7d6kgcz rq0escxv nhd2j8a9 nc684nl6 p7hjln8o kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x jb3vyjys rz4wbd8a qt6c0cv9 a8nywdso i1ao9s8h esuyzwwr f1sip0of lzcic4wl gpro0wi8 py34i1dx" href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DJa7AUrXeqFs%26fbclid%3DIwAR2HMBcVfG9xxcjCPcAsg5AQ1YO1Av6ID5HL6jPfEOpEU1mZjfxck0YJtbI&h=AT3_fudDVvQoaJDP7VVgYORlVZVVBXwKFWzZjRWMxBx8lDTJysh5qkXk8MMTcGOPy2PotHG9UNuNtxaicIAph7pZllOyfTawYR1z2iQ8Je92mgf9pSHmQzq9Wj0Rf6uh1P19&__tn__=-UK-R&c[0]=AT2g06jp14LiYHKC26iVhKe3MUYzAxFSbnjmbzEA4gTWMfobThZpnGIIcmChfXpc0g-FJggMUIewgJvifa5-gn7dcuY-d-m9vXBcbb3H6ND6los4Cawr4zlZRD2uynD6PwvqSWZp8mEgzKDz0ZvjP3cw5A" rel="nofollow noopener" role="link" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background-color: transparent; border-color: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline; font-family: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;" tabindex="0" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ja7AUrXeqFs</a></span></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">19.05.2022<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">De gândit:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">Dacă
Putin pică, mai târziu sau mai devreme, Rusia intră într-un dezastru social/conflict/război
civil fără precedent, echivalent poate cu Deceniul Negru de după căderea URSS,
când a riscat propria dezintegrare.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">Dezintegrarea
federației ar presupune apariția a noi 17 noi state pe harta lumii, unul mai
corupt decât celălalt, unul mai totalitar și xenofob, antioccidental și
revanșard decât celălalt. Ce ziceți de Republica Bașkortostan? Sună democratic,
nu-i așa? Sau Buriată, de unde vin tinerii cu TAB –urile care trag în
bicicliști? Sau Mordovia, Udmurtia ori Ciuvașia, din stepele Turanului?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">Rușii
i-au privit pe europeni întotdeauna cu un aer de inferioritate, cu aerul <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>provincialului care aspiră către capitală, s-au
uitat la Occident de-a lungul secolelor cu stimă, imitându-i pe europeni și
luând orice aspect în care sunt diferiți ca un defect, spune A.I. Herzen, deși
n-ar fi avut de ce, rușii reușind să construiască un imperiu într-un mediu
continental imposibil, completează R. Kaplan. Asta ca să înțelegem mai bine
mentalul profund și frustrările lor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">Rușii
iubesc autoritarismul, de aceea cred că republicile lor separate sau nu din
Maica Rusie, cum le place lor etnocentrist să-i spună Federației, vor deveni
niște enclave antidemocratice mafiotizate cronic. Pentru că asprimea climei,
imensitatea terenului și verile relativ scurte au încurajat cooperarea și coerciția
în relațiile sociale, iar pentru a supraviețui au avut nevoie de un grad mai
mare de organizare, tradus într-un autoritarism care a degenerat în dictatură
continuă în ultimele sute de ani-inclusiv azi! În trecut, ca și acum, această
nevoie de supraviețuire a favorizat întotdeauna formele centralizate autoritare,
în detrimentul formelor mai particulare, spune P. Longworth.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">Așa
cum Uniunea Sovietică a fost o închisoare a națiunilor, așa a devenit astăzi Federația
Rusă o închisoare a propriilor cetățeni, la început, subtil, prin media, cu
propagandă soft, apoi din ce în ce mai dură, până astăzi când închisoarea are
și ziduri geopolitice, o dezolantă izolare mondială, o rusofobie occidentală,
cum îi spun ei victimizator. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">A
fost greșit să judecăm că rușii sunt ținuți captivi de media, că sunt
zombificați de propaganda <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perfidă a<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kremlinului. Nu, rușii știu acum, după trei luni,
zeci de mii de morți și mult șomaj generat de plecarea marilor companii, care
este realitatea războiului. PIERD! Și va fi greu de mestecat asta dar și mai
greu de livrat de către propagandă. Acesta va fi drumul spre dezintegrare,
chiar dacă locul lui Putin va luat de un nebun kaghebist mai mare sau de unul
mai moderat(!?).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="RO" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: RO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/PC/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="RO" style="mso-ansi-language: RO;">Războiul
va mai dura, atâta timp cât propaganda va funcționa, cât Putin va fi viu și va
apărea la televizor, cât mașina rusească de război va livra rachete peste
Odessa, Nikolaev, Harkov sau Izium.Va dura până își vor da seama că
revizionismul sovietic, că îmbățoșenia neoțaristă nu ține loc de economie sau
loc de muncă. Cred, pentru prima DATĂ că Ucraina va elibera în timp toate
teritoriile ocupate acum, inclusiv Crimeea și Donețk-ul + Lugansk, pentru că
forța lor militară va fi înzecită în următoarele luni de zile.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Viorel Iraşcuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10368424325634707950noreply@blogger.com0